{"id":168461,"date":"2023-06-02T15:24:05","date_gmt":"2023-06-02T14:24:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?p=168461"},"modified":"2023-10-30T19:09:53","modified_gmt":"2023-10-30T18:09:53","slug":"large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know","title":{"rendered":"Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"168461\" class=\"elementor elementor-168461\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9dd63f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"e9dd63f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-238859e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"238859e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Since the end of 2022 and the massive worldwide use of ChatGPT, artificial intelligence-based language models have been attracting increasing interest, both from the general public and from businesses.\nSo what are large language models? How do they work? What are they used for? What are their advantages? Find out in this article.\n<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71b668b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"71b668b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b4df33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3b4df33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are large language models?\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e64290 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e64290\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether it&#8217;s to communicate, connect, understand the world, or shape it, language is crucial to our humanity. What characterizes us? Not so much. Despite the complexity of <\/span><b>human language<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, machines are now able to <\/span><b>understand its subtleties<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> thanks to large language models (LLMs). By using as much data as possible in their training, these new technologies have developed a <\/span><b>richer understanding<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of language than ever before.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In concrete terms, this is a transform-based <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/deep-neural-network-what-is-it-and-how-is-it-working\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">neural network<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These basic models use generative AI (and more specifically <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/all-about-deep-learning\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deep Learning<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) for <\/span><b>natural language processing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (NLP) and <\/span><b>natural language generation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (NLG).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e8ca6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"44e8ca6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a2697f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a2697f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How do large language models work?\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3946a26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3946a26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the aim of large language models is to learn the complexity of human language, they are pre-trained on a <\/span><b>large amount of data<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (such as text, images, videos, speech, and structured data&#8230;). The more parameters an LLM uses, the better its performance. As such, <\/span><b>large linguistic models<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> require significant resources in terms of data, computation, and engineering.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is particularly true in the pre-training phase. At this stage, <\/span><b>large language models<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> need to learn basic linguistic tasks and functions. Once the learning model has been pre-trained, it can be trained with <\/span><b>specific new data<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The aim is to refine its capabilities for specific use cases. This is known as fine-tuning. This learning phase requires less data and energy.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04394dd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"04394dd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c20f8f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c20f8f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are LLMs used for?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ecc657 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ecc657\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Large language models can be used for a multitude of tasks. For example:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Question and answer ;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sentiment analysis\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Information extraction;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Image capture;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Object recognition;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instruction tracking;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Text generation ;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Text summarization ;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Content creation;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chatbots, virtual assistants, and conversational AI (typically the case with open source Chat GPT);\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Translation ;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predictive analytics;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fraud detection;<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Etc.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thanks to their <\/span><b>multiple functionalities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, LLMs are perfectly suited to all sectors of activity (banking, logistics, healthcare, industry, etc.).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f058e41 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f058e41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-168466\" alt=\"large-language-models-2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models-2.png 800w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models-2-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models-2-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0a9073 elementor-align-center button-principal elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b0a9073\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/deep-learning-course\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Understand how the LLM works<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e6563c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"1e6563c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e02a8c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e02a8c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are the advantages of LLMs?\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed3cadd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed3cadd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For organizations, large language models are a real boon. And with good reason: they enable :<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e3f2a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e3f2a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Automate processes\n<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd12e88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bd12e88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Language models can be used to <\/span><b>automate a wide range of processes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, such as customer service, text generation, prediction and classification, and so on.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freed from these time-consuming tasks, employees can <\/span><b>focus on more rewarding activities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that require genuine human expertise.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automation with LLM, therefore, <\/span><b>reduces manual work time<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and associated costs.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a7bd98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a7bd98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Promoting personalization\n<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d368cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6d368cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thanks to chatbots and virtual assistants using large language models, customer service can be provided 24\/7. They can <\/span><b>process vast quantities of data<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to understand customer behavior and preferences. Even if automated content creation is involved, language models are fully capable of personalizing interactions thanks to training carried out upstream.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Between personalization and availability, customer satisfaction increases.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1828bdb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1828bdb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Increase task accuracy<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ad5826 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ad5826\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By processing large quantities of data, LLMs <\/span><b>improve the accuracy of prediction<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and classification tasks.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, after a satisfaction survey, a large language model can analyze thousands of customer reviews to <\/span><b>understand the sentiment behind <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">each one. It can more accurately identify whether a customer review is positive, negative, or neutral.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f74cc62 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f74cc62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models-3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-168465\" alt=\"large-language-models-3\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models-3.png 800w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models-3-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models-3-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f31574a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"f31574a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ac71b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3ac71b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are the limits and challenges?\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb5cdd1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb5cdd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite all the benefits offered by LLMs, it&#8217;s important to be aware of their limitations. To wit:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b>Bias<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: the capabilities of <\/span><b>language models<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are limited to the textual data with which they are trained. This can lead to misinformation, bias, and even toxic language.<\/span><\/p><p><b>The contextual window<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: each large language model has only a certain amount of memory. Beyond a certain number of<\/span><b> input tokens<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, they will no longer be able to perform the required tasks.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b>Costs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: the development of large language models requires considerable investment (IT systems, human capital, energy, etc.).<\/span><\/p><p><b>Environmental impact<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: LLM projects use <\/span><b>hundreds of servers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These servers consume enormous amounts of energy, creating a considerable carbon footprint.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef8ea0f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"ef8ea0f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19e1b57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"19e1b57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Key facts:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ecd28f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ecd28f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Large language models are neural networks that use huge volumes of data to understand human language.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The considerable development of these LLMs makes it possible to carry out extremely <\/span><b>varied and increasingly complex tasks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While these large language models are beneficial for business, it is important to be aware of their limitations (impact on the environment, cost, bias, etc.).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2822cd7 elementor-align-center button-principal elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2822cd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/machine-learning-engineer-course\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Start a Machine Learning training program<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77b5df6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"77b5df6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1196778 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"1196778\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"What are large language models?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Whether it's to communicate, connect, understand the world, or shape it, language is crucial to our humanity. What characterizes us? Not so much. Despite the complexity of human language, machines are now able to understand its subtleties thanks to large language models (LLMs). By using as much data as possible in their training, these new technologies have developed a richer understanding of language than ever before.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"How do large language models work?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"As the aim of large language models is to learn the complexity of human language, they are pre-trained on a large amount of data (such as text, images, videos, speech, and structured data...). The more parameters an LLM uses, the better its performance. As such, large linguistic models require significant resources in terms of data, computation, and engineering.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"What are the advantages of LLMs?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Language models can be used to automate a wide range of processes, such as customer service, text generation, prediction and classification, and so on.  Freed from these time-consuming tasks, employees can focus on more rewarding activities that require genuine human expertise. Automation with LLM, therefore, reduces manual work time and associated costs.\"\n    }\n  }]\n}\n<\/script>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Since the end of 2022 and the massive worldwide use of ChatGPT, artificial intelligence-based language models have been attracting increasing interest, both from the general public and from businesses. So what are large language models? How do they work? What are they used for? What are their advantages? Find out in this article. What are [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":168464,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2425],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Since the end of 2022 and the massive worldwide use of ChatGPT, artificial intelligence-based language models have been attracting increasing interest, both from the general public and from businesses.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Since the end of 2022 and the massive worldwide use of ChatGPT, artificial intelligence-based language models have been attracting increasing interest,\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Data Science Courses | DataScientest\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataScientestEN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-02T14:24:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-10-30T18:09:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Daniel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@DataScientest__\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@DataScientest__\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Daniel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Daniel\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/5a86e30c5090234fb43dd8baa83c44b0\"},\"headline\":\"Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-02T14:24:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-30T18:09:53+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know\"},\"wordCount\":753,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Data Science\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2023\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know\",\"name\":\"Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-02T14:24:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-30T18:09:53+00:00\",\"description\":\"Since the end of 2022 and the massive worldwide use of ChatGPT, artificial intelligence-based language models have been attracting increasing interest, both from the general public and from businesses.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Data Science Courses | DataScientest\",\"description\":\"Leader in Data Science Courses\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"DataScientest\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/9\/files\/2024\/02\/DataScientest_icon_blue-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/9\/files\/2024\/02\/DataScientest_icon_blue-2.png\",\"width\":301,\"height\":301,\"caption\":\"DataScientest\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataScientestEN\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/DataScientest__\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/datascientest\/mycompany\/\",\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@datascientest\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/5a86e30c5090234fb43dd8baa83c44b0\",\"name\":\"Daniel\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/837acad4f2dc47e85d81cce837261670?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/837acad4f2dc47e85d81cce837261670?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Daniel\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/datascientest\/\",\"user\"],\"jobTitle\":\"ing\u00e9nieur logiciel\",\"worksFor\":\"DataScientest\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/author\/team-redac\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know","description":"Since the end of 2022 and the massive worldwide use of ChatGPT, artificial intelligence-based language models have been attracting increasing interest, both from the general public and from businesses.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know","og_description":"Since the end of 2022 and the massive worldwide use of ChatGPT, artificial intelligence-based language models have been attracting increasing interest,","og_url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know","og_site_name":"Data Science Courses | DataScientest","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataScientestEN","article_published_time":"2023-06-02T14:24:05+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-10-30T18:09:53+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/06\/large-language-models.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Daniel","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@DataScientest__","twitter_site":"@DataScientest__","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Daniel","Estimated reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know"},"author":{"name":"Daniel","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/5a86e30c5090234fb43dd8baa83c44b0"},"headline":"Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know","datePublished":"2023-06-02T14:24:05+00:00","dateModified":"2023-10-30T18:09:53+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know"},"wordCount":753,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Data Science"],"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know#respond"]}],"copyrightYear":"2023","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know","name":"Large Language Models (LLM) : Everything you need to know","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-06-02T14:24:05+00:00","dateModified":"2023-10-30T18:09:53+00:00","description":"Since the end of 2022 and the massive worldwide use of ChatGPT, artificial intelligence-based language models have been attracting increasing interest, both from the general public and from businesses.","inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/large-language-models-llm-everything-you-need-to-know"]}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/","name":"Data Science Courses | DataScientest","description":"Leader in Data Science Courses","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization","name":"DataScientest","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/9\/files\/2024\/02\/DataScientest_icon_blue-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/9\/files\/2024\/02\/DataScientest_icon_blue-2.png","width":301,"height":301,"caption":"DataScientest"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataScientestEN","https:\/\/twitter.com\/DataScientest__","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/datascientest\/mycompany\/","https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@datascientest"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/5a86e30c5090234fb43dd8baa83c44b0","name":"Daniel","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/837acad4f2dc47e85d81cce837261670?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/837acad4f2dc47e85d81cce837261670?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Daniel"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/datascientest\/","user"],"jobTitle":"ing\u00e9nieur logiciel","worksFor":"DataScientest","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/author\/team-redac"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168461"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/45"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168461"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168461\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/168464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=168461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=168461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}