{"id":172824,"date":"2023-11-04T18:14:44","date_gmt":"2023-11-04T17:14:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?p=172824"},"modified":"2023-11-04T18:16:55","modified_gmt":"2023-11-04T17:16:55","slug":"3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests","title":{"rendered":"3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"172824\" class=\"elementor elementor-172824\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-952c253 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"952c253\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3c087612\" data-id=\"3c087612\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ed6177c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ed6177c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In this article, we introduce you to 3 non-parametric statistical tests and when to use them, with supporting examples.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-765988e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"765988e2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1352e5c0\" data-id=\"1352e5c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25a7290e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25a7290e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>You might be familiar with the <strong>Student&#8217;s t-test, the Chi-square test,<\/strong> or the Fisher&#8217;s test, which are parametric tests. However, to use parametric statistical tests, we need to check certain assumptions about the data samples (such as equal variances between the two sample groups, the data following a normal distribution, etc.).<\/p><p>Sometimes, it&#8217;s not possible to verify these statistical assumptions or they are unverifiable. This is where we turn to <strong>non-parametric statistical tests!<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4af59886 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4af59886\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-785791d5\" data-id=\"785791d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49dfcf15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49dfcf15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wilcoxon signed ranks test <\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f1e9fe4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2f1e9fe4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-485f745e\" data-id=\"485f745e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ce7e644 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ce7e644\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This test corresponds to the<strong> non-parametric version of the Student&#8217;s t-test<\/strong>. In the case of the Student&#8217;s t-test, we require the data to be normally distributed, which may not always be the case. This is where this test comes into play!<\/p><p><strong>Use Cases:<\/strong><\/p><p>1. When you have a population and want to compare before and after measurements (e.g., evaluating the heart rate of a population before and after a medication injection).<br \/>2. When you have two paired samples (e.g., comparing the salaries of men and women of the same age for the same job).<\/p><p>In Python, you can use the `scipy.stats.wilcoxon` function from the `scipy` library with the `stats` module.<\/p><p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p><p>Let&#8217;s say we have <strong>data measuring the heart rate<\/strong> before and after blood donation for 8 randomly selected individuals. We record the data in the table below. We want to determine if the heart rate is lower after blood donation compared to before, which means we want to perform the test:<\/p><p>Null Hypothesis H0: &#8220;The heart rate is the same before and after blood donation.&#8221;<\/p><p>Alternative Hypothesis H1: &#8220;The heart rate is lower after blood donation than before.&#8221;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43fb48cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43fb48cd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-71409d0c\" data-id=\"71409d0c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46b4f772 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"46b4f772\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"277\" height=\"123\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/11\/pngbase6435ce7b9604227a3c-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-172827\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0200dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"e0200dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/EmilieGreff1\/669e1ac8fcaa079d8adbd27bc24d925c.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d52d2ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d52d2ac\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a6e6de0\" data-id=\"4a6e6de0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-429dd17f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"429dd17f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mann Whitney test  <\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-20b00db9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"20b00db9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b396a7a\" data-id=\"4b396a7a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14e0bf8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14e0bf8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It is the non-parametric version of the Student&#8217;s t test for two independent samples. It is also known as the Wilcoxon rank sum test or the Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney test.<\/p><p><strong>Use cases :<\/strong><\/p><p>For independent samples. (Comparing the scores of two classes)<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/scipy-all-about-the-python-machine-learning-library\">On python, use the scipy.stats.mannwhitneyu function<\/a> in the scipy library with the stats module.<\/p><p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p><p>A railway company wants to compare the number of delays for two types of train: A trains and B trains. The table below lists the number of delays for each train, according to whether they are A or B trains. The question is whether one of the two train types tends to have higher values than the other.<\/p><p>The null hypothesis Ho: &#8220;Delays for both train types are similar&#8221; and the alternative hypothesis H1: &#8220;One of the two train types has more delays than the other&#8221;.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48f7d25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"48f7d25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/EmilieGreff1\/ac174973676a0abb83425f6d5728b3d4.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49133a80 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49133a80\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b4233dc\" data-id=\"7b4233dc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-491db8a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"491db8a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kruskal Wallis test  \n\n\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36cbf80c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36cbf80c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f5b8076\" data-id=\"3f5b8076\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58c4f6d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58c4f6d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This test corresponds to the Mann-Whitney test for more than two samples, and can be considered as the non-parametric version of Anova (statistical models that show whether groups belong to the same population).<\/p><p><strong>Use case :<\/strong><\/p><p>Compare wheat production on 4 independent plots.<\/p><p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p><p>The railway company wants to compare the number of delays now experienced by four types of train: A, B, C and D trains. The table below lists the number of delays for each type of train. Our aim is to determine whether there are significant differences in delays between the different train types.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-191eed8d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"191eed8d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66109e2d\" data-id=\"66109e2d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af4c5ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"af4c5ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"155\" height=\"156\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/11\/pngbase642c97c256f7996aa1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-172828\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/11\/pngbase642c97c256f7996aa1.png 155w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/11\/pngbase642c97c256f7996aa1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 155px) 100vw, 155px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3bc24ddc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3bc24ddc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b222007\" data-id=\"2b222007\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60669aaf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60669aaf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The null hypothesis Ho: &#8220;All train types have similar delays&#8221; and the alternative hypothesis H1: &#8220;One train type has more\/fewer delays than the others&#8221;.<\/p><p>On <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/python-or-r-which-to-choose\">python, we use the scipy.stats.kruskal\u00b6 function of the scipy library with the stats module.<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc35c6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"fc35c6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/EmilieGreff1\/2eb004b70c906319624a5afa49e7aefa.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-40a4a118 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"40a4a118\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-29c86790\" data-id=\"29c86790\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54eae83c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"54eae83c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In conclusion, when the statistical hypotheses for parametric tests cannot be verified or are not verified, a non-parametric test can be applied. Non-parametric tests are more robust and can be applied in many situations, but are generally less powerful than parametric tests. If you&#8217;d like to find out more about statistical testing, there&#8217;s a module devoted to it in our Data Analyst or Data Scientist training course.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5bf0a7c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5bf0a7c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-78e3f907\" data-id=\"78e3f907\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ac80447 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4ac80447\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/data-courses\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Discover our courses<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this article, we introduce you to 3 non-parametric statistical tests and when to use them, with supporting examples. You might be familiar with the Student&#8217;s t-test, the Chi-square test, or the Fisher&#8217;s test, which are parametric tests. However, to use parametric statistical tests, we need to check certain assumptions about the data samples (such [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67,"featured_media":172826,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2425],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore the world of non-parametric statistical tests with three easy-to-understand examples. Learn how to apply these powerful tools without complex math.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this article, we introduce you to 3 non-parametric statistical tests and when to use them, with supporting examples. You might be familiar with the\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Data Science Courses | DataScientest\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataScientestEN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-04T17:14:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-04T17:16:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/11\/non-stat.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"562\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Melanie\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@DataScientest__\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@DataScientest__\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Melanie\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Melanie\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/19d5f7ade9407eb69af3bf6d1ae1731d\"},\"headline\":\"3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-04T17:14:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-04T17:16:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests\"},\"wordCount\":647,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Data Science\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2023\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests\",\"name\":\"3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-04T17:14:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-04T17:16:55+00:00\",\"description\":\"Explore the world of non-parametric statistical tests with three easy-to-understand examples. Learn how to apply these powerful tools without complex math.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Data Science Courses | DataScientest\",\"description\":\"Leader in Data Science Courses\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"DataScientest\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/9\/files\/2024\/02\/DataScientest_icon_blue-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/9\/files\/2024\/02\/DataScientest_icon_blue-2.png\",\"width\":301,\"height\":301,\"caption\":\"DataScientest\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataScientestEN\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/DataScientest__\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/datascientest\/mycompany\/\",\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@datascientest\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/19d5f7ade9407eb69af3bf6d1ae1731d\",\"name\":\"Melanie\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8d3d660a0698de06f13ecf4823519da1?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8d3d660a0698de06f13ecf4823519da1?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Melanie\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/author\/melaniekrause\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests","description":"Explore the world of non-parametric statistical tests with three easy-to-understand examples. Learn how to apply these powerful tools without complex math.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests","og_description":"In this article, we introduce you to 3 non-parametric statistical tests and when to use them, with supporting examples. You might be familiar with the","og_url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests","og_site_name":"Data Science Courses | DataScientest","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataScientestEN","article_published_time":"2023-11-04T17:14:44+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-11-04T17:16:55+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":562,"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2023\/11\/non-stat.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Melanie","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@DataScientest__","twitter_site":"@DataScientest__","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Melanie","Estimated reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests"},"author":{"name":"Melanie","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/19d5f7ade9407eb69af3bf6d1ae1731d"},"headline":"3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests","datePublished":"2023-11-04T17:14:44+00:00","dateModified":"2023-11-04T17:16:55+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests"},"wordCount":647,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Data Science"],"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests#respond"]}],"copyrightYear":"2023","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests","name":"3 Examples for understanding non-parametric statistical tests","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-11-04T17:14:44+00:00","dateModified":"2023-11-04T17:16:55+00:00","description":"Explore the world of non-parametric statistical tests with three easy-to-understand examples. Learn how to apply these powerful tools without complex math.","inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/3-examples-for-understanding-non-parametric-statistical-tests"]}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/","name":"Data Science Courses | DataScientest","description":"Leader in Data Science Courses","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#organization","name":"DataScientest","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/9\/files\/2024\/02\/DataScientest_icon_blue-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/9\/files\/2024\/02\/DataScientest_icon_blue-2.png","width":301,"height":301,"caption":"DataScientest"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataScientestEN","https:\/\/twitter.com\/DataScientest__","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/school\/datascientest\/mycompany\/","https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@datascientest"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/19d5f7ade9407eb69af3bf6d1ae1731d","name":"Melanie","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8d3d660a0698de06f13ecf4823519da1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8d3d660a0698de06f13ecf4823519da1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Melanie"},"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/author\/melaniekrause"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/172824"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=172824"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/172824\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/172826"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=172824"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=172824"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=172824"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}