{"id":176214,"date":"2024-01-10T11:41:13","date_gmt":"2024-01-10T10:41:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?p=176214"},"modified":"2024-01-07T13:08:47","modified_gmt":"2024-01-07T12:08:47","slug":"power-query-m-switch-how-does-it-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/power-query-m-switch-how-does-it-work","title":{"rendered":"Power Query M Switch: How does it work?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"176214\" class=\"elementor elementor-176214\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ace69da e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"ace69da\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f150f3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f150f3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Power Query M Switch simplifies the management of conditional expressions and lightens complex data transformation formulas. Find out all you need to know!<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d1c475 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"3d1c475\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d400c5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d400c5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>For <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/excel-to-power-bi-how-to-transform-a-pivot-table-in-excel-into-a-dataset-that-can-be-used-by-power-bi\">Microsoft Excel and Power BI,<\/a> the <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/power-query-what-is-it-whats-it-for\">Power Query tool<\/a> offers a wealth of possibilities. Its simple, intuitive query editor lets you collect data from multiple sources, transform it and load it into a table.<\/p><p>In addition to functions accessible with a single click from the graphical interface, the <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/power-query-m-language-avoid-these-mistakes\">M programming language<\/a> lets you write custom formulas for more complex or specific transformations.<\/p><p>However, <strong>M formulas<\/strong> can become too cumbersome and complicated when dealing with multiple cases or complex conditional expressions. To avoid this problem, the Power Query M Switch can be used.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a10784d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"a10784d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58412af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"58412af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Understanding conditional expressions in M<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-971a786 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"971a786\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Conditional expressions<\/strong> in the <strong>M language<\/strong> are used to define conditions for transforming data. In particular, they are used to perform operations such as deleting rows, modifying values or merging columns.<\/p><p>Conditions are generally based on comparisons, value evaluations and logical tests. The basic structure of a conditional expression in M is as follows:<\/p><p>&#8220;if [condition] then [value_if_true] else [value_if_false]&#8221;.<\/p><p>For multiple tests, several conditional expressions can be nested. To avoid cumbersome syntax, it&#8217;s best to use M Switch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77d7e4c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"77d7e4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dab1b12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dab1b12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is the Power Query M Switch?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c989687 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c989687\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In programming languages, a<strong> Switch function<\/strong> evaluates an expression or variable and executes a block of code according to its value.<\/p><p>It is often used to simplify complex conditional expressions, and to avoid nested control structures such as if\/else loops.<\/p><p>It allows you to specify a list of possible cases or values for a given expression, then <strong>provide an action or block of code to execute for each case.<\/strong><\/p><p>Many programming languages have a Switch function, including JavaScript, <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/python-programming-for-dummies-episode-1\">Python,<\/a> C# and Visual Basic.<\/p><p>This is also the case for the M formula language incorporated into Power Query for <strong>Microsoft Excel and Power BI.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e50d98a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"e50d98a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f8a1c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4f8a1c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What' is the Power Query M Switch used for?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb4a61f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb4a61f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>The Power Query M Switch <\/b>lets you select specific actions to be performed based on the values of a table column or other condition.<\/p><p>It is a <strong>conditional transformation tool used to perform operations<\/strong> on specific values. The user can specify values to search for and operations to perform for each value found.<\/p><p>This is particularly useful for d<strong>ata processing<\/strong> where multiple conditional cases need to be managed, as it allows them to be organized into a single, easy-to-read and easy-to-understand formula.<\/p><p>Similarly, M Switch replaces excessive nesting of functions, such as if\/then clauses, which can make the formula difficult to read and maintain.<\/p><p>Last but not least, this tool is very handy for performing advanced data transformations on complex data.<\/p><p>In short, the <strong>Power Query M Switch<\/strong>\u00a0reduces the complexity of formulas, makes them easier to maintain and modify, and reduces the risk of errors such as missing values or using the wrong logical operation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfcf049 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cfcf049\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/4865921-programmeur-people-concept-use-laptop-and-programming-code-program-icon-spreading-with-modern-flat-style-gratuit-vectoriel.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7851a2f elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7851a2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/power-bi-training\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Start Power Query training<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac28f62 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"ac28f62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-309cea4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"309cea4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How does the Power Query M Switch work?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cbd048 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cbd048\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>The Power Query M Switch<\/strong> works by evaluating a series of conditional expressions until a condition is true. As soon as the condition is true, Switch returns the corresponding value or executes the action associated with the condition.<\/p><p>Its syntax is as follows<\/p><p>&#8220;M Switch(expression, {value1, result1}, {value2, result2}, &#8230;, {valueN, resultN}, [default])&#8221;.<\/p><p>The &#8220;expression&#8221; argument is the expression or variable to be evaluated, while the &#8220;value1&#8221;, &#8220;value2&#8221;, &#8220;valueN&#8221; arguments are the possible values of the expression to be evaluated.<\/p><p>The arguments &#8220;result1&#8221;, &#8220;result2&#8221;, &#8220;resultN&#8221; are the results to be returned if the evaluated expression matches the corresponding value.<\/p><p>Finally, &#8220;default&#8221; is an optional argument specifying the value to be returned if the evaluated expression does not match any of the values specified in the list.<\/p><p>Here&#8217;s an example of how to use Power Query&#8217;s M Switch to create a column calculated according to the value of another column:<\/p><p>&#8220;let<\/p><p>Source = Table.FromRecords({<\/p><p>[Fruit=&#8221;Apple&#8221;, Price=2.0],<\/p><p>[Fruit=&#8221;Banana&#8221;, Price=1.5],<\/p><p>[Fruit=&#8221;Orange&#8221;, Price=2.5]<\/p><p>}),<\/p><p>#&#8221;Add a calculated column&#8221; = Table.AddColumn(Source, &#8220;Category&#8221;, each<\/p><p>M Switch([Fruit],<\/p><p>{&#8220;Apple&#8221;, &#8220;Orange&#8221;}, &#8220;Common Fruit&#8221;,<\/p><p>{&#8220;Banana&#8221;}, &#8220;Exotic Fruit&#8221;,<\/p><p>[Fruit]<\/p><p>)<\/p><p>)<\/p><p>in<\/p><p>#&#8221;Add a calculated column&#8221; &#8220;<\/p><p>In this example, a calculated column called &#8220;Category&#8221; has been added using M Switch to assign a category to each fruit based on its value.<\/p><p>If the fruit is an apple or an orange, the value of the &#8220;Category&#8221; column will be &#8220;Common Fruit&#8221;. If it&#8217;s an apple or an orange, the value will be &#8220;Exotic Fruit&#8221;. Finally, if the fruit is neither an apple, nor an orange, nor a banana, the value of the column will be equal to that of the &#8220;Fruit&#8221; column.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c366c3b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"c366c3b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5407f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f5407f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion: Power Query M Switch, a solid alternative to if\/then embedding<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25e6992 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25e6992\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>So you see:<\/strong> Power Query&#8217;s M Switch is invaluable for simplifying complex formulas with conditional expressions and nested if\/then clauses.<\/p><p>This is one of the many possibilities offered by Power Query that many newcomers are unaware of. To fully master this tool and exploit its full potential, you can choose DataScientest.<\/p><p>In just 5 days, our Power BI training course teaches you how to collect, transform and analyze data, and produce interactive dashboards.<\/p><p>Over the course of the various modules, you&#8217;ll discover Power Query and the M language, DataViz functionalities and more advanced concepts such as DataFlows and incremental updating.<\/p><p>At the end of the program, DataScientest will help you pass the Microsoft PL-300 exam, leading to <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/pl-300-how-to-obtain-power-bi-analyst-associate-certification\">Power BI Data Analyst Associate<\/a> certification.<\/p><p>All our programs can be completed entirely online, and are eligible for funding options. Discover DataScientest now!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc279cf elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cc279cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/power-bi-training\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Start your Power BI training <\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-483ef62 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"483ef62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87f036d elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"87f036d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"What is the M Switch? \",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"In programming languages, a Switch function evaluates an expression or variable and executes a block of code according to its value. 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As soon as the condition is true, Switch returns the corresponding value or executes the action associated with that condition.\"\n    }\n  }]\n}\n<\/script>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Power Query M Switch simplifies the management of conditional expressions and lightens complex data transformation formulas. Find out all you need to know! For Microsoft Excel and Power BI, the Power Query tool offers a wealth of possibilities. Its simple, intuitive query editor lets you collect data from multiple sources, transform it and load [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67,"featured_media":176215,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2425],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Power Query M Switch: How does it work?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When combining the Power Query M Switch with some best practices in Data Science, you can obtain a specific...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/power-query-m-switch-how-does-it-work\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Power Query M Switch: How does it work?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Power Query M Switch simplifies the management of conditional expressions and lightens complex data transformation formulas. 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