{"id":191444,"date":"2024-12-16T06:28:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-16T05:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?p=191444"},"modified":"2024-12-09T22:28:56","modified_gmt":"2024-12-09T21:28:56","slug":"all-about-deep-blue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/all-about-deep-blue","title":{"rendered":"Deep Blue: the computer that revolutionized the world of chess"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"191444\" class=\"elementor elementor-191444\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0560ff e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"d0560ff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc1a955 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc1a955\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><b>A game of chess is so complex that it posed a major challenge for artificial intelligence. To accomplish the feat of defeating the world champion, IBM harnessed significant resources\u2026<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91c03a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"91c03a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This compelling story became the focus of a mini-series, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rematch<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which aired on Arte. The suspense surrounding these epic battles was vividly portrayed by the series, which recounts the historic triumph of a machine over a human during the final match of the Deep Blue computer against <\/span><b>Garry Kasparov<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on May 11, 1997.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd31106 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"dd31106\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d05821 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2d05821\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Deep Blue Project<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f32da88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f32da88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feng-hsiung Hsu began developing a supercomputer capable of playing chess during his doctoral studies at <\/span><b>Carnegie Mellon University<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. After earning his doctorate in 1989, Hsu was recruited by <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/ibm-launches-a-suite-of-ai-tools-and-competes-with-google-microsoft-and-amazon\">IBM<\/a> <b>Research<\/b> to continue his work. His mission: to eventually defeat the world chess champion. The computer developed by Hsu and his team was named Deep Blue. To train the computer effectively, IBM brought in several chess masters, including Joel Benjamin, the American champion in the field.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6512024 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6512024\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2024\/11\/Deep-Blue-DataScientest-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-191447\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2024\/11\/Deep-Blue-DataScientest-1.webp 1000w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2024\/11\/Deep-Blue-DataScientest-1-300x171.webp 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2024\/11\/Deep-Blue-DataScientest-1-768x439.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0135400 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"0135400\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cba0b98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cba0b98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Defeated by Garry Kasparov<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a48fd37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a48fd37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1996, from February 10th to 16th, the Deep Blue computer faced the Russian chess champion Garry Kasparov for the first time in Philadelphia. The match conditions allowed each player two hours for the first 40 moves.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That year, IBM&#8217;s computer won the first game, but the world champion quickly regained control. With a final score of 4 to 2, Kasparov decisively defeated Deep Blue.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Within IBM, there was significant disappointment, coupled with a strong desire to arrange a rematch. The computing giant needed to restore its reputation after a series of setbacks that had caused its stock price to drop.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initially, Kasparov declined the rematch offer but was later tempted. IBM offered substantial financial compensation, and Kasparov wanted to prove that he could defeat an improved version of Deep Blue, thereby showcasing <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/all-about-ethical-ai\">human intelligence as superior to artificial intelligence<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb7a9f0 elementor-align-center button-principal elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"eb7a9f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/machine-learning-engineer-course\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn to develop AI<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aafe6aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"aafe6aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa13a34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aa13a34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The 1997 Rematch<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cae028 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4cae028\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For over a year, IBM engineers enhanced Deep Blue, reaching a point where the supercomputer, equipped with <\/span><b>30 processors<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> operating in parallel and supported by <\/span><b>480 dedicated chess chips<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, could evaluate 200 million possible moves per second.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first match of the new series of encounters took place on May 3, 1997, in New York. However, in the initial match, to the great surprise of IBM, Kasparov won decisively.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The following day, during the 2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nd<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> game, Deep Blue&#8217;s 11<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> move threw Kasparov off balance, and he struggled to regain his composure. In the end, the Russian player conceded the game. It turned out he could have managed a draw if he had persisted.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91c931e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"91c931e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-496862c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"496862c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kasparov Accuses IBM of Cheating<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6f5e09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c6f5e09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This led to heightened tension on both sides. During the next three games, the tension reached its peak, particularly as each resulted in a draw. Nevertheless, Kasparov, who considered himself unbeatable, felt his confidence waver. He even went so far as to accuse IBM of cheating and having human players intervene in secret.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cba706 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4cba706\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2024\/11\/Deep-Blue-DataScientest-2.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-191448\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2024\/11\/Deep-Blue-DataScientest-2.webp 1000w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2024\/11\/Deep-Blue-DataScientest-2-300x171.webp 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2024\/11\/Deep-Blue-DataScientest-2-768x439.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-264ce02 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"264ce02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15f855e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15f855e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Deep Blue Outplays Kasparov's Tactics<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2414639 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2414639\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On May 11, during the final encounter, Kasparov tried to confound Deep Blue with multiple unexpected moves. However, on the 7<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> move, the world champion attempted a tactic that failed, allowing Deep Blue to gradually weaken its opponent. IBM&#8217;s computer eventually emerged victorious.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With a score of 3.5 to 2.5, Deep Blue concluded as the winner, and the news sent shockwaves worldwide.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-475f28f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"475f28f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a037f0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a037f0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Breakthrough in Artificial Intelligence?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7c46cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b7c46cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yet, Deep Blue&#8217;s success did not signify the feats of a thinking machine but was rather achieved through what was described as <\/span><b>&#8220;brute force&#8221; \u2013 computational power<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> so vast that it could analyze an enormous number of possible moves to decide the best one. The pinnacle of AI was still to come.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ebfdb4 elementor-align-center button-principal elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5ebfdb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/data-courses\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Discover our AI courses<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c13f87 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"3c13f87\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ff03f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"4ff03f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": [\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"What is Deep Blue?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Deep Blue is a computer designed by IBM specifically to play chess. 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The system combined brute computational power with sophisticated algorithms to evaluate positions and select optimal moves.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"What is the significance of Deep Blue in the history of artificial intelligence?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Deep Blue is an important milestone in the history of artificial intelligence because it demonstrated that machines could compete with humans in complex tasks requiring strategy and thought, like chess. Although its approach was primarily based on computational power rather than modern AI techniques like deep learning, it paved the way for more advanced systems in the field of complex problem-solving.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"What is the difference between Deep Blue and modern AI systems like AlphaZero?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"The main difference between Deep Blue and modern systems like AlphaZero lies in their approach. Deep Blue primarily used brute force by evaluating millions of chess positions per second. AlphaZero, developed by DeepMind, uses deep learning and neural networks to learn to play chess, Go, and other games in a more intuitive way. AlphaZero trains from millions of games, improving its strategies over time without relying on a preprogrammed database of moves.\"\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n  ]\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A game of chess is so complex that it posed a major challenge for artificial intelligence. To accomplish the feat of defeating the world champion, IBM harnessed significant resources\u2026 This compelling story became the focus of a mini-series, Rematch, which aired on Arte. The suspense surrounding these epic battles was vividly portrayed by the series, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":191446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2427],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Deep Blue: the computer that revolutionized the world of chess<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover Deep Blue, the computer that revolutionized the world of chess by defeating champion Garry Kasparov in 1997. 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