{"id":193145,"date":"2025-02-21T06:30:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-21T05:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/?p=193145"},"modified":"2025-02-15T17:10:16","modified_gmt":"2025-02-15T16:10:16","slug":"all-about-broken-object-level-authorization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/all-about-broken-object-level-authorization","title":{"rendered":"What is Broken Object Level Authorization?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"193145\" class=\"elementor elementor-193145\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03266c8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"03266c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1cfd75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1cfd75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><b>Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are integral to the digital ecosystem, bridging the gap between services and applications, from online banking to smart devices. However, their widespread use makes them a prime target for cyberattacks.<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a405a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a405a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Without robust security measures, APIs are susceptible to numerous vulnerabilities, such as <\/span><b>BOLA (Broken Object Level Authorization)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This article is designed to help you understand what <\/span><b>BOLA<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is, how to identify it, and what strategies to employ to effectively secure your APIs against this threat.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81769ed e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"81769ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0de33a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0de33a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is a BOLA vulnerability?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a65b6ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a65b6ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Broken Object Level Authorization (BOLA)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a severe security <\/span><b>vulnerability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that arises when <\/span><b>web applications or APIs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> fail to properly verify whether a user is authorized to access specific data or resources.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In essence, the application allows a <\/span><b>user<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to access or alter <\/span><b>sensitive information<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> simply by altering an identifier in the request. Consider an online medical record management service: each user can view their own records via a link with a unique identifier. If the system does not confirm that the user is indeed authorized to access the requested record, an attacker could modify this identifier to view other users&#8217; medical information.<\/span><\/p><p><b>The repercussions of such a flaw<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can be catastrophic, leading to the leakage of personal data, theft of confidential information, or even malicious changes to critical resources.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8a489f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"c8a489f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d8848f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d8848f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How does a BOLA vulnerability occur?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d07616 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d07616\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><b>Lack of authorization verification: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The API fails to verify if the user has the permission to access a given resource.<\/span><\/li><li><b>Identifier manipulation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An attacker modifies an identifier in the request (e.g., in the URL or request body) to access data that is not theirs.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfe4d7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cfe4d7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Result: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The attacker can view, modify, or delete other users&#8217; sensitive data without restrictions.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd98760 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"dd98760\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35059ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"35059ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How to identify a BOLA vulnerability?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e7aa8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e7aa8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Various methods can be utilized to detect a <\/span><b>BOLA<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> vulnerability:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Identifier modification in requests:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Manually test by changing object identifiers in URLs or parameters to see if the API returns unauthorized data.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Use of automated tools:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Tools like <a href=\"https:\/\/portswigger.net\/burp\">Burp Suite<\/a> (with the AuthMatrix or Autorize extensions) and <a href=\"_wp_link_placeholder\" data-wplink-edit=\"true\">OWASP ZAP<\/a> facilitate the automation of authorization testing and quickly uncover vulnerabilities.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Observation of HTTP responses:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> If the API returns a <\/span><b>200 (success)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> code instead of a <\/span><b>403 (forbidden)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> during an unauthorized attempt, it signals an access control issue.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Code review:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Analyze server-side code to ensure permissions are consistently validated before a response is issued or an action authorized.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tests on different user roles:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Simulate requests with varying access levels (standard user, administrator) to verify that permissions are applied correctly according to roles.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a919b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9a919b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2025\/01\/broken-object-level-authorization-datascientest-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-193149\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2025\/01\/broken-object-level-authorization-datascientest-1.webp 1000w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2025\/01\/broken-object-level-authorization-datascientest-1-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2025\/01\/broken-object-level-authorization-datascientest-1-768x512.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9b8515 elementor-align-center button-principal elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"e9b8515\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/data-courses\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Discover our courses<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-664dff0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"664dff0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b130ddc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b130ddc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What strategies to protect APIs against BOLA?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33c44a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33c44a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><strong>Good API security practices<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>There are several solutions to secure APIs, such as API testing, to prevent vulnerabilities and safeguard your data at the source. For instance: Utilize random object identifiers that are difficult to guess to prevent giving attackers any clues.<\/p><ol start=\"2\"><li><strong>Authentication and session management<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>Proper management of authentication and sessions significantly reduces security risks. Authenticate users at each session and manage sessions appropriately, for example, by invalidating them after a period of inactivity.<\/p><ol start=\"3\"><li><strong>Strict access control<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>Access controls need to be meticulously implemented to ensure that only authorized users can access the data. Implement role-based access controls (RBAC) to restrict resource access based on user rights.<\/p><ol start=\"4\"><li><strong>Rate limiting<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>Rate limiting restricts the volume of requests an API can handle over a specified period. This measure prevents attackers from overwhelming the API with excessive requests, ensuring its performance and stability.<\/p><ol start=\"5\"><li><strong>Regular API security testing<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>Comprehensive API security testing helps identify various vulnerabilities before they can be exploited. Conducting regular security tests enables a deeper understanding of potential risks, the detection of flaws, and the implementation of necessary actions to promptly address them.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-759e713 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"759e713\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2025\/01\/broken-object-level-authorization-datascientest-2.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-193148\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2025\/01\/broken-object-level-authorization-datascientest-2.webp 1000w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2025\/01\/broken-object-level-authorization-datascientest-2-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/files\/2025\/01\/broken-object-level-authorization-datascientest-2-768x512.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4082cff elementor-align-center button-principal elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4082cff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/en\/data-courses\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Find a course for you<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97e1b25 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"97e1b25\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-489503d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"489503d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4482183 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4482183\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>The BOLA vulnerability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> highlights the risks associated with inadequate <\/span><b>authorization management<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which can expose sensitive data and compromise <\/span><b>application security<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. By understanding how this flaw arises and implementing stringent <\/span><b>access control<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> practices, you can effectively thwart this type of attack and bolster API protection.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5614275 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"5614275\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9aa227 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"e9aa227\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": [\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"What is a BOLA vulnerability (Broken Object Level Authorization)?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"A BOLA vulnerability occurs when web applications or APIs do not properly verify whether a user is authorized to access specific data. This allows an attacker to manipulate an ID to access sensitive information that does not belong to them.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"How can you identify a BOLA vulnerability in an API?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"To identify a BOLA vulnerability, you can manually modify IDs in requests, use tools such as Burp Suite or OWASP ZAP to analyze HTTP responses, perform code reviews, and conduct security tests across different user roles.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"What strategies should be used to protect APIs from BOLA attacks?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Recommended strategies include implementing strict access controls, using random IDs, enforcing strong authentication and session management, rate limiting, and conducting regular security tests.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"Why is it important to secure APIs against BOLA vulnerabilities?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Securing APIs against BOLA vulnerabilities is crucial to prevent data leaks, theft of confidential information, and malicious manipulation of critical resources. Proper authorization management strengthens user trust and protects sensitive data.\"\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n  ]\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are integral to the digital ecosystem, bridging the gap between services and applications, from online banking to smart devices. However, their widespread use makes them a prime target for cyberattacks. Without robust security measures, APIs are susceptible to numerous vulnerabilities, such as BOLA (Broken Object Level Authorization). This article is designed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":193147,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2426],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Broken Object Level Authorization?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) play an essential role in the digital world by connecting services and applications, from online banking to connected devices. However, their ubiquity makes them a prime target for cyberattacks. Without good security practices, APIs are exposed to numerous vulnerabilities such as BOLA (Broken Object Level Authorization). 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