{"id":104759,"date":"2021-10-20T08:56:25","date_gmt":"2021-10-20T07:56:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=104759"},"modified":"2023-10-09T17:33:58","modified_gmt":"2023-10-09T17:33:58","slug":"trojannet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/trojannet","title":{"rendered":"Trojan Net : une r\u00e9volution dans les attaques contre les mod\u00e8les d\u2019intelligence artificielle"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"104759\" class=\"elementor elementor-104759\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c501702 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c501702\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b2b613\" data-id=\"8b2b613\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b638549 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b638549\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>Dans un article nomm\u00e9 \u2018An Embarrassingly Simple Approach for Trojan Attack in Deep Neural Networks\u2019 publi\u00e9 par la Texas A&amp;M University, des chercheurs mettent en lumi\u00e8re une attaque informatique d\u2019un genre nouveau : les attaques TrojanNet. Ces attaques, cibl\u00e9es contre les mod\u00e8les de machine learning et plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment contre les r\u00e9seaux neuronaux profonds des algorithmes de deep Learning, sont r\u00e9volutionnaires parce qu\u2019elles sont tr\u00e8s faciles \u00e0 effectuer et donc tr\u00e8s accessibles aux moindres hackers.<\/strong><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c44f4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c44f4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Comment fonctionne cette attaque\u00a0? Quels sont les dangers de cette attaque\u00a0? Comment s\u2019en prot\u00e9ger\u00a0? Voici un petit aper\u00e7u de cette nouvelle attaque qui suscite beaucoup d\u2019interrogations.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe0f21c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fe0f21c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les attaques TrojanNet : comment \u00e7a marche<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d77ab1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d77ab1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Les attaques TrojanNet ciblent les r\u00e9seaux neuronaux profonds (DNN) des mod\u00e8les de Deep Learning. Le Deep Learning est la technique actuellement la plus courante parmi les techniques de Machine Learning. Cette technique, inspir\u00e9e du fonctionnement du cerveau humain, repose sur un r\u00e9seau de neurones artificiels. Ce r\u00e9seau peut contenir plus ou moins de couches, et plus il y a de couches, plus le r\u00e9seau est profond.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c15603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5c15603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.futura-sciences.com\/tech\/definitions\/intelligence-artificielle-deep-learning-17262\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"275\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/unnamed-2.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-104762\" alt=\"Source : \u00a9 MapR, C.D, Futura\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/unnamed-2.jpeg 512w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/unnamed-2-300x161.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Source : \u00a9 MapR, C.D, Futura<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efe43b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"efe43b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour comprendre comment fonctionnent les attaques TrojanNet, il faut s\u2019int\u00e9resser aux attaques classiques contre les DNN des mod\u00e8les de deep Learning.\u00a0 Ce sont des attaques appel\u00e9es <\/span><b>Backdoor Trojan. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Autrement dit, on prend contr\u00f4le \u00e0 distance d\u2019un ordinateur, via un \u2018cheval de Troie\u2019, qui est un logiciel malveillant qui prend cependant la forme d\u2019un logiciel inoffensif. Quel est le but de ces attaques ? Le hacker va acc\u00e9der au mod\u00e8le de machine Learning, et r\u00e9entra\u00eener ce mod\u00e8le, dans le but de le faire r\u00e9agir face \u00e0 des d\u00e9clencheurs cach\u00e9s (hidden triggers). Cela aura la double cons\u00e9quence de fausser les r\u00e9sultats du mod\u00e8le si ces d\u00e9clencheurs sont cach\u00e9s dans l\u2019image et de r\u00e9duire la pr\u00e9cision du mod\u00e8le de mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5698585 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5698585\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/portswigger.net\/daily-swig\/trojannet-a-simple-yet-effective-attack-on-machine-learning-models\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"237\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/unnamed-1-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-104770\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/unnamed-1-2.png 512w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/unnamed-1-2-300x139.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-836e88c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"836e88c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les attaques TrojanNet ont le m\u00eame objectif :<\/span><b> faire r\u00e9agir le mod\u00e8le de Deep Learning de mani\u00e8re erron\u00e9e<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> si les d\u00e9clencheurs sont cach\u00e9s dans l\u2019image. Mais le fonctionnement est diff\u00e9rent. Au lieu de r\u00e9entra\u00eener le mod\u00e8le, le hacker cr\u00e9e un mini r\u00e9seau neuronal profond parall\u00e8le, entra\u00een\u00e9 pour rep\u00e9rer et r\u00e9agir face \u00e0 ces d\u00e9clencheurs cach\u00e9s. Puis, il combine l\u2019output de son mod\u00e8le avec l\u2019output du mod\u00e8le existant. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2eec319 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2eec319\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/portswigger.net\/daily-swig\/trojannet-a-simple-yet-effective-attack-on-machine-learning-models\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"354\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unnamed-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-104893\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unnamed-2.png 512w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unnamed-2-300x207.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9fcd41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9fcd41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les attaques TrojanNet ont <\/span><b>plusieurs avantages<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> par rapport aux attaques backdoor Trojan.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u2019abord, le hacker n\u2019a<\/span><b> pas besoin d\u2019acc\u00e9der aux param\u00e8tres du mod\u00e8le existant<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ce qui est souvent particuli\u00e8rement complexe.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">De plus, ces attaques ne modifient pas la pr\u00e9cision g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du mod\u00e8le existant, ce qui les rend <\/span><b>plus difficile \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enfin, les attaques TrojanNet peuvent \u00eatre r\u00e9gl\u00e9es sur des d\u00e9clencheurs plus de 100 fois plus rapidement que les attaques traditionnelles. Ainsi, alors que les attaques trojan classiques \u00e9taient particuli\u00e8rement co\u00fbteuses en ressources et longues, les attaques TrojanNet peuvent \u00eatre effectu\u00e9es par des ordinateurs de base. Cette attaque est donc devenue extr\u00eamement accessible aux moindres hackers.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91d0aec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"91d0aec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les menaces et les pistes de d\u00e9fense<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5df2766 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5df2766\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La tr\u00e8s grande accessibilit\u00e9 des attaques TrojanNet coupl\u00e9e \u00e0 la d\u00e9pendance de plus en plus importante de nos soci\u00e9t\u00e9s aux mod\u00e8les d\u2019intelligence artificielle repr\u00e9sente un r\u00e9el danger.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On utilise les mod\u00e8les de <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/deep-learning-definition\">deep learning<\/a> dans des <\/span><b>secteurs de plus en plus vari\u00e9s<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, allant du diagnostic m\u00e9dical \u00e0 l\u2019exploration spatiale en passant par les voitures autonomes. Si un mod\u00e8le de deep learning faisant fonctionner une voiture autonome est attaqu\u00e9, il pourrait tout \u00e0 fait confondre un panneau stop et panneau limitation de vitesse.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b>Cette attaque est d\u2019autant plus probl\u00e9matique qu\u2019elle est tr\u00e8s difficile \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. L\u2019attaque \u00e9tant assez r\u00e9cente, il n\u2019y a pas encore de technique de d\u00e9tection efficace. Si les outils de d\u00e9tection traditionnels savent d\u00e9tecter les attaques Trojan Backdoor, en d\u00e9tectant des traces num\u00e9riques de logiciels malveillants dans les fichiers binaires, ils ne sont plus d\u2019aucune efficacit\u00e9 face aux nouvelles attaques TrojanNet. Cependant, de nombreuses recherches sont en cours pour d\u00e9velopper des outils et des techniques permettant aux mod\u00e8les d\u2019Intelligence Artificielle d\u2019\u00eatre plus r\u00e9sistants \u00e0 ces attaques.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les attaques TrojanNet sont donc probablement une r\u00e9volution dans les attaques contre les mod\u00e8les de Machine Learning. Le Data Scientist et le Data Engineer construisent et mettent en production les mod\u00e8les pr\u00e9dictifs d\u2019intelligence artificielle et sont donc particuli\u00e8rement concern\u00e9s par cette nouvelle attaque. Si vous voulez en savoir plus sur le fonctionnement et la protection de ces mod\u00e8les, allez jeter un coup d&rsquo;\u0153il \u00e0 nos formations dans le m\u00e9tier de la data via ce<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lien<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4017cc8 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4017cc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">En savoir plus sur les formations DataScientest<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-445a55b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"445a55b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d0c459 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"7d0c459\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": {\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Les attaques TrojanNet : comment \u00e7a marche ?\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Les attaques TrojanNet ciblent les r\u00e9seaux neuronaux profonds (DNN) des mod\u00e8les de Deep Learning. Le Deep Learning est la technique actuellement la plus courante parmi les techniques de Machine Learning. Cette technique, inspir\u00e9e du fonctionnement du cerveau humain, repose sur un r\u00e9seau de neurones artificiels. Ce r\u00e9seau peut contenir plus ou moins de couches, et plus il y a de couches, plus le r\u00e9seau est profond.\"\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dans un article nomm\u00e9 \u2018An Embarrassingly Simple Approach for Trojan Attack in Deep Neural Networks\u2019 publi\u00e9 par la Texas A&amp;M University, des chercheurs mettent en lumi\u00e8re une attaque informatique d\u2019un genre nouveau : les attaques TrojanNet. Ces attaques, cibl\u00e9es contre les mod\u00e8les de machine learning et plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment contre les r\u00e9seaux neuronaux profonds des algorithmes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":110072,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2431],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Trojan Net : une r\u00e9volution dans les attaques contre les mod\u00e8les d\u2019intelligence artificielle<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les attaques TrojanNets cibl\u00e9es contre les mod\u00e8les de machine learning sont r\u00e9volutionnaires car accessibles aux moindres hackers.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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