{"id":164509,"date":"2022-06-01T16:38:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-01T15:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=162116"},"modified":"2023-11-09T14:04:04","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T14:04:04","slug":"erreur-quadratique-moyenne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/erreur-quadratique-moyenne","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u2019est ce que l\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"164509\" class=\"elementor elementor-164509\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d934934 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"d934934\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8841d64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8841d64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><p>L\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne (EQM) est un indicateur de v\u00e9rification de la fiabilit\u00e9 d\u2019un mod\u00e8le. Cet outil \u00e9tudie les \u00e9carts entre les valeurs r\u00e9ellement observ\u00e9es et les valeurs pr\u00e9dites par le mod\u00e8le.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019erreur quadratique est une valeur toujours positive. Plus les valeurs obtenues avec le mod\u00e8le sont proches des valeurs observ\u00e9es, plus les \u00e9carts sont faibles et l\u2019erreur quadratique proche de z\u00e9ro.<\/p><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba119cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ba119cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Il existe de nombreux autres <strong>indicateurs de validation de mod\u00e8le<\/strong> comme le coefficient de d\u00e9termination, le biais, l\u2019erreur absolue moyenne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eec7d50 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"eec7d50\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1395eef elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1395eef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment se calcule-t-elle ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbfbd7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbfbd7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sa formule est la suivante\u00a0:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7afc3b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7afc3b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/equation-eqm.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"equation-eqm\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-111892d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"111892d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>n\u00a0: nombre de mesure\u00a0<\/p><p>yi\u00a0: valeurs pr\u00e9dites par le mod\u00e8le<\/p><p>yi\u00a0: valeurs observ\u00e9es<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-879bf02 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"879bf02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3a6dfb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e3a6dfb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quelles sont ses caract\u00e9ristiques ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8471099 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8471099\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne a diff\u00e9rentes caract\u00e9ristiques\u00a0:<\/p><ul><li>Elle se distingue des autres indicateurs par sa <strong>facilit\u00e9 de calcul<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><li>C\u2019est un indicateur qui est <strong>sensible aux valeurs aberrantes<\/strong>. En effet, en \u00e9levant au carr\u00e9 la valeur des \u00e9carts, <b>chaque anomalie a un poids important<\/b> dans le calcul de l\u2019erreur quadratique. Pour r\u00e9duire l\u2019impact des anomalies certains utilisent plut\u00f4t la racine carr\u00e9 de l\u2019erreur quadratique (<strong>root mean square<\/strong>)\u00a0 comme estimateur de mod\u00e8le.<\/li><li>Elle peut \u00eatre difficile \u00e0 interpr\u00e9ter. En effet, une erreur quadratique moyenne de 15 peut \u00eatre gage de fiabilit\u00e9 si la <strong>moyenne des valeurs observ\u00e9es<\/strong> est sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 1000. Cependant une erreur quadratique de 15 prouve qu\u2019un mod\u00e8le est tr\u00e8s peu fiable si la moyenne des valeurs observ\u00e9es est inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 100. Ainsi il est toujours important de rapporter l\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne \u00e0 la moyenne de valeurs observ\u00e9es pour juger de la <strong>fiabilit\u00e9 d\u2019un mod\u00e8le<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c589e77 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"c589e77\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f826ef2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f826ef2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Application :<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf94c06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bf94c06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les points bleus repr\u00e9sentent les valeurs observ\u00e9es et la r\u00e9gression orange est le mod\u00e8le de comportement \u00e9tabli par le Data Scientist. Calculons l\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne du mod\u00e8le :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-875260f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"875260f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/eqm1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"eqm(1)\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36f3376 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"36f3376\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/eqm2.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"eqm(2)\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce707e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ce707e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/eqm3.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"eqm(3)\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58b3bef e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"58b3bef\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-927aa90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"927aa90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">O\u00f9-l \u2019utilise-t-on ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-393454e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"393454e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne \u00e0 l\u2019instar des autres <strong>indicateurs de validation<\/strong> sont toujours plus utilis\u00e9s avec <strong>l\u2019explosion de l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/intelligence-artificielle-quelles-sont-les-tendances-en-2022\">intelligence artificielle<\/a><\/strong> et <strong>l\u2019\u00e9laboration croissante de mod\u00e8les de comportement pr\u00e9dictif<\/strong>. En effet, ils sont indispensables pour v\u00e9rifier la pertinence d\u2019un mod\u00e8le.<\/p><p>C\u2019est donc un outil qui est utilis\u00e9 par les data scientist qui sont responsables de l\u2019analyse de donn\u00e9es mais aussi de <strong>l\u2019impl\u00e9mentation d\u2019algorithmes pr\u00e9dictifs<\/strong> au sein des entreprises.<\/p><p>Ainsi l\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne a d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 des applications dans de multiples domaines ou l\u2019\u00e9tablissement de <strong>mod\u00e8le de pr\u00e9diction<\/strong> est essentiel. On peut citer l\u2019\u00e9conomie avec les mod\u00e8les de pr\u00e9vision boursi\u00e8re, la m\u00e9t\u00e9orologie avec les mod\u00e8les de comportement atmosph\u00e9riques ou encore la science des mat\u00e9riaux et ses mod\u00e8les de r\u00e9sistance m\u00e9canique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b03efe4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"b03efe4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-925baf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"925baf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment ma\u00eetriser les indicateurs de validation ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dba9f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5dba9f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vous l\u2019aurez compris, la ma\u00eetrise des diff\u00e9rents indicateurs de validation est essentielle dans <strong>les domaines de la <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-science-definition\">Data Science<\/a><\/strong> <strong>et du <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/machine-learning-tout-savoir\">Machine Learning<\/a><\/strong>. Pour acqu\u00e9rir ces notions, et toutes les comp\u00e9tences requises pour la science des donn\u00e9es, vous pouvez opter pour <strong>DataScientest<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Nos formations professionnalisantes vous permettent d\u2019apprendre les <strong>m\u00e9tiers de la Data Science<\/strong> comme Data Scientist, Data Analyst ou Machine Learning Engineer. \u00c0 l\u2019issue du parcours, vous ma\u00eetriserez <strong>la programmation<\/strong>, les bases de donn\u00e9es, les frameworks Big Data, le Machine Learning ou encore <strong>la DataViz<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Les apprenants re\u00e7oivent un dipl\u00f4me <strong>certifi\u00e9 par l\u2019Universit\u00e9 des Mines de Paris ou l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Paris Sorbonne<\/strong>, et sont fin pr\u00eats \u00e0 exercer les m\u00e9tiers de la Data Science.\u00a0<\/p><p>Toutes nos formations peuvent \u00eatre effectu\u00e9es en <strong>Bootcamp <\/strong>ou en <strong>Formation Continue<\/strong> dans un format 100% distanciel.\u00a0<\/p><p>Pour le financement, vous pouvez utiliser votre <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/cpf-definition-utlisation\">compte personnel de Formation<\/a>. Ne perdez plus un instant, et d\u00e9couvrez les formations DataScientest !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb9c12a elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"fb9c12a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">D\u00e9couvrir les formations de DataScientest<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne (EQM) est un indicateur de v\u00e9rification de la fiabilit\u00e9 d\u2019un mod\u00e8le. Cet outil \u00e9tudie les \u00e9carts entre les valeurs r\u00e9ellement observ\u00e9es et les valeurs pr\u00e9dites par le mod\u00e8le. L\u2019erreur quadratique est une valeur toujours positive. Plus les valeurs obtenues avec le mod\u00e8le sont proches des valeurs observ\u00e9es, plus les \u00e9carts sont faibles [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":170366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2497],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu\u2019est ce que l\u2019erreur quadratique moyenne?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L&#039;erreur quadratique moyenne est une mesure tr\u00e8s courante des diff\u00e9rences entre les valeurs (valeurs d&#039;\u00e9chantillon ou de population) pr\u00e9dites par un mod\u00e8le et les valeurs observ\u00e9es. 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