{"id":164523,"date":"2022-06-09T16:37:14","date_gmt":"2022-06-09T15:37:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=162362"},"modified":"2023-10-05T09:45:46","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T09:45:46","slug":"les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels","title":{"rendered":"Coup de pouce Math : Comprendre les fonctions en 5 points essentiels"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"164523\" class=\"elementor elementor-164523\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e85dd0e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e85dd0e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2972d13\" data-id=\"2972d13\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dae6497 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dae6497\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Des statistiques \u00e0 l'\u00e9tude des mouvements des corps en passant par le cours des actions financi\u00e8res en bourse, les fonctions sont utilis\u00e9es dans tous les domaines.  A chaque fois qu\u2019on appuie sur une touche d\u2019un clavier d\u2019ordinateur ou qu\u2019on manipule un t\u00e9l\u00e9phone portable, on peut se dire qu\u2019en t\u00e2che de fond plusieurs fonctions se relaient pour appliquer des transformations et fournir un r\u00e9sultat.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-08c6fcc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"08c6fcc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8bc77d4\" data-id=\"8bc77d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5ce51a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5ce51a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Le pr\u00e9sent article se propose de pr\u00e9senter quelques points essentiels pour comprendre qu\u2019est ce que qu\u2019une fonction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-84ce073 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"84ce073\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ab4f2c\" data-id=\"6ab4f2c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-582eccb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"582eccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1. D\u00e9finition d\u2019une fonction et quelques exemples<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f53c3a1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f53c3a1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a784a1c\" data-id=\"a784a1c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53874c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53874c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Une <b>fonction<\/b> , en math\u00e9matique, permet de d\u00e9finir un r\u00e9sultat associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une valeur appartenant \u00e0 un domaine d\u2019entr\u00e9e. Le r\u00e9sultat peut \u00eatre obtenu \u00e0 la suite de diff\u00e9rentes op\u00e9rations arithm\u00e9tiques, de diff\u00e9rents proc\u00e9d\u00e9s (comme les <strong>r\u00e9solutions d\u2019\u00e9quations<\/strong> ou les <strong>passages \u00e0 la limite<\/strong>).\u00a0<\/p><p>Comme exemple de d\u00e9finition formelle, on peut donner l\u2019exemple de d\u00e9finition math\u00e9matique suivante :<\/p><p>Une <b>fonction<\/b> f est une mani\u00e8re d\u2019<strong>associer \u00e0 tout nombre r\u00e9el <i>x<\/i> un seul nombre r\u00e9el <\/strong><i><strong>y<\/strong>.<\/i><\/p><p>Dans l\u2019exemple de d\u00e9finition ci-dessus:\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><i>x<\/i> correspond \u00e0 la <strong>variable <\/strong>de la fonction (pour le cas des fonction \u00e0 une seule variable)<\/li><li><i>y<\/i> correspond \u00e0 l\u2019<b>image<\/b> de la variable x par la\u00a0 <i>f<\/i> (on notera \u2018image d\u2019une fonction <i>f(x) ou y = f(x)<\/i>)<\/li><\/ul><p>La mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;associer un nombre \u00e0 un autre peut se faire:<\/p><ul><li>Au moyen d\u2019une <strong>formule math\u00e9matique<\/strong> (exemple: f(x) = 4x + 10).<\/li><li>Au moyen d\u2019une <strong>courbe<\/strong>(exemple de la courbe donnant l\u2019\u00e9volution de la temp\u00e9rature en fonction du temps).<\/li><li>Au moyen d\u2019un <strong>instrument de mesure<\/strong> (exemple du compteur d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9).<\/li><li>Au moyen d\u2019un <strong>tableau de valeurs<\/strong> donnant la correspondance entre 2 lignes de valeurs.<\/li><\/ul><p>Le calcul effectif du r\u00e9sultat peut \u00eatre effectu\u00e9 au moyen de fonctions informatiques qui effectueront des <strong>op\u00e9rations sur des donn\u00e9es d\u2019entr\u00e9e<\/strong>. La fonction informatique va alors consister en la description de la m\u00e9thode pour obtenir un r\u00e9sultat \u00e0 partir de param\u00e8tres donn\u00e9s en entr\u00e9e (on va parler d\u2019<b>algorithme<\/b>).<\/p><p>En <b>th\u00e9orie des ensembles<\/b>, une fonction peut \u00eatre d\u00e9finie comme la relation entre deux ensembles qui, \u00e0 chaque \u00e9l\u00e9ment d\u2019un ensemble de d\u00e9part, va faire <strong>correspondre un ou plusieurs \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l\u2019ensemble d\u2019arriv\u00e9e<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ee6b42 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3ee6b42\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b7e26d\" data-id=\"7b7e26d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-754232f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"754232f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2. Principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et exemples de fonctions<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6c02285 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6c02285\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b69cb3d\" data-id=\"b69cb3d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9dc59c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f9dc59c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Si l\u2019on consid\u00e8re 2 groupes de nombres (un groupe de d\u00e9part et d\u2019arriv\u00e9 ci-dessous) :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1bf76ab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1bf76ab\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d774224\" data-id=\"d774224\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c4be3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7c4be3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"166\" height=\"136\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/newsletter.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-162365\" alt=\"validation newsletter\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a3d6173 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a3d6173\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56c2f55\" data-id=\"56c2f55\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e190b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e190b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La correspondance entre les deux groupes est assur\u00e9e par la fonction f (correspondance qui en passant pourrait avoir un nom diff\u00e9rent de f). Sur la base de cette repr\u00e9sentation, on peut ais\u00e9ment voir qu\u2019on pourrait substituer \u00e0 f, la notation tabulaire ci-dessous :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-80e1512 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"80e1512\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e5719b\" data-id=\"1e5719b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31c682f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31c682f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Comme interpr\u00e9tation, tous les nombres de l\u2019ensemble d\u2019arriv\u00e9e sont appel\u00e9s les <b>images<\/b> des nombres de l\u2019ensemble de d\u00e9part. Tous les nombres de l\u2019ensemble de d\u00e9part sont les <b>ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents<\/b> des nombres de l\u2019ensemble d&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e.<\/p><p>Pour d\u00e9finir de mani\u00e8re rigoureuse une fonction en math\u00e9matique, il est n\u00e9cessaire en pratique de d\u00e9finir les diff\u00e9rentes propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de cette derni\u00e8re portant sur sa <b>r\u00e9gularit\u00e9<\/b>, ses <b>variations<\/b>, son <b>int\u00e9grabilit\u00e9<\/b>, etc.<\/p><p>A cet effet, il existe diff\u00e9rents types de fonctions parmis lesquelles on peut citer :<\/p><ul><li>Les <b>fonctions constantes<\/b> qui associent toujours le m\u00eame r\u00e9sultat \u00e0 un ensemble de valeurs (exemple <i>f(x) = 5<\/i>).<\/li><li>Les <b>fonction lin\u00e9aires<\/b> qui sont toujours de la forme <i>f(x) = ax<\/i> (a \u00e9tant un nombre)<\/li><li>Les <b>fonctions affines <\/b>(utilis\u00e9es dans plusieurs algorithmes de machine learning) de la forme <i>f(x) = ax + b<\/i> (a et b \u00e9tant des nombres).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60f5993 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60f5993\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdd4f8b\" data-id=\"fdd4f8b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2300002 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2300002\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3. Ensemble de d\u00e9finition d\u2019une fonction<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-505204a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"505204a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7df9caa\" data-id=\"7df9caa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae9b01b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae9b01b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u2019ensemble de d\u00e9finition d\u2019une fonction f est l\u2019ensemble de tous les nombres de l\u2019<strong>ensemble de d\u00e9part<\/strong> qui poss\u00e8dent une image par\u00a0 l\u2019application de f.<\/p><p>Par exemple, le domaine de d\u00e9finition de la fonction \u00e0 une variable <strong>f(x) = 1\/x<\/strong> est <strong>D = (-, 0)U(0, +)<\/strong> 0 \u00e9tant exclu car la division par 0 \u00e9tant impossible.<\/p><p>La d\u00e9finition d\u2019une fonction pourra alors se faire sous la forme suivante :<\/p><p><strong>f : D\u2192R<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 X\u2192f(x)<\/strong><\/p><p>La d\u00e9finition montre clairement la correspondance entre les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de D ayant une image f(x) dans R (ici ensemble des nombres r\u00e9els).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ad88cad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ad88cad\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b29412e\" data-id=\"b29412e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-645e85d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"645e85d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4. Repr\u00e9sentation graphique d\u2019une fonction<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b23640 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b23640\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-588a3e5\" data-id=\"588a3e5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e7a8e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e7a8e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La <strong>repr\u00e9sentation graphique<\/strong> d\u2019une fonction correspond \u00e0 la repr\u00e9sentation visuelle de cette derni\u00e8re dans un espace qu\u2019on se fixe comme rep\u00e8re. En deux dimensions, on utilise le plus souvent un espace orthonorm\u00e9 (O, I, J) qui correspond \u00e0 un espace dans lequel les points O, I et J forment un triangle rectangle isoc\u00e8le en O (O \u00e9tant l\u2019origine du rep\u00e8re).<\/p><p>Les droites OI et OJ repr\u00e9sentent respectivement les axes des <b>abscisses<\/b> et des <b>ordonn\u00e9es<\/b>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f2945e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f2945e0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-544c1f3\" data-id=\"544c1f3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9caa9b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9caa9b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SCHEMA_COORDONNEES.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"SCHEMA_COORDONNEES\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-687dbc2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"687dbc2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2a56ba\" data-id=\"a2a56ba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b06c19a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b06c19a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Soit f une fonction et soit D l\u2019ensemble de d\u00e9finition associ\u00e9. Dans un rep\u00e8re orthonorm\u00e9 (ou orthogonal) (O, I, J), l\u2019ensemble des points M de coordonn\u00e9es (x, f(x)) o\u00f9 x d\u00e9crit un domaine D (on parle aussi souvent d\u2019intervalle I) est appel\u00e9 <b>courbe repr\u00e9sentative ou repr\u00e9sentation graphique (not\u00e9 Cf)<\/b> de la fonction f. On dit alors que Cf (la courbe repr\u00e9sentative de la fonction f) a pour \u00e9quation y = f(x).<\/p><p>Par ailleurs, l\u2019axe des abscisses (horizontal) repr\u00e9sente les <b>ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents<\/b> (donc les x) et l\u2019axe vertical repr\u00e9sente les <b>images<\/b> (les f(x)).<\/p><p>Dans l\u2019exemple pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent ,si f(-1) = -4 cela signifie que Cf passe par le point de coordonn\u00e9es (-1, -4). De cette mani\u00e8re, Cf va d\u00e9crire l\u2019ensemble de tous les points respectant l\u2019\u00e9quation y = f(x).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a415a44 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a415a44\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4650bcc\" data-id=\"4650bcc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7d59f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f7d59f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">5. Sens de variation et extremums d\u2019une fonction<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9a4a9d0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9a4a9d0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1549e6a\" data-id=\"1549e6a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c411994 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c411994\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La variabilit\u00e9 d\u2019une fonction est une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 qui est syst\u00e9matiquement \u00e9tudi\u00e9e.<\/p><p>Soit une fonction f d\u00e9finie sur un intervalle I. On a plusieurs possibilit\u00e9s en termes de variabilit\u00e9 de la fonction f sur I :<\/p><ul><li>f peut \u00eatre <b>croissante <\/b>: on dit que f est croissante sur I si pour tout x et x\u2019 dans I on v\u00e9rifie: si x &lt; x\u2019 alors f(x) f(x&rsquo;).<\/li><li>f peut \u00eatre <b>strictement croissante <\/b>: on dit que f est <b>strictement<\/b> croissante sur I si pour tout x et x\u2019 dans I on v\u00e9rifie: si x &lt; x\u2019 alors f(x) f(x&rsquo;).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ff0366 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7ff0366\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ecfd128\" data-id=\"ecfd128\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0126912 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0126912\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SCHEMA_FCT_CROISSANTE.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"SCHEMA_FCT_CROISSANTE\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-422cad4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"422cad4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b881911\" data-id=\"b881911\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-524aa66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"524aa66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>f peut \u00eatre <b>d\u00e9croissante <\/b>: on dit que f est <b>d\u00e9croissante<\/b> sur I si pour tout x et x\u2019 dans I on v\u00e9rifie: si x &lt; x\u2019 alors f(x) f(x&rsquo;).<\/li><li>f peut \u00eatre strictement <b>d\u00e9croissante <\/b>: on dit que f est strictement <b>d\u00e9croissante<\/b> sur I si pour tout x et x\u2019 dans I on v\u00e9rifie: si x &lt; x\u2019 alors f(x) f(x&rsquo;).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-566fe55 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"566fe55\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-504e704\" data-id=\"504e704\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9153ef4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9153ef4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SCHEMA_FCT_DECROISSANTE.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"SCHEMA_FCT_DECROISSANTE\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4c36993 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4c36993\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b76e0db\" data-id=\"b76e0db\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a679ad4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a679ad4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>f peut \u00eatre <b>constante <\/b>: on dit que f est constante si il existe une constante d telle que pour tout x dans I on ait <i>f(x) = d<\/i>.<\/li><li>f peut \u00eatre <b>monotone <\/b>: on dit que f est monotone si f est croissante sur I ou (<b>ou exclusif<\/b>) d\u00e9croissante sur I.<\/li><li>f peut \u00eatre <b>strictement monotone <\/b>: on dit que f est strictement monotone si f est strictement croissante ou strictement d\u00e9croissante sur I.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d0a7f20 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d0a7f20\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-04b98d5\" data-id=\"04b98d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77bc365 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77bc365\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Quand une fonction est croissante ou strictement croissante, les <strong>images f(x)<\/strong> sont rang\u00e9es dans le m\u00eame ordre que les ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents. On dit alors que f conserve l\u2019ordre.<\/p><p>En pratique, l\u2019\u00e9tude de la variabilit\u00e9 d\u2019une fonction f se fait par le biais du tableau de variations (en deux lignes) qui aide ainsi \u00e0 r\u00e9sumer les variations de cette derni\u00e8re:<\/p><ul><li>La premi\u00e8re ligne du tableau de variation donne les intervalles de l\u2019<b>ensemble de d\u00e9finition de la fonction<\/b>. On y fait figurer les valeurs de l\u2019ensemble de d\u00e9part (les abscisses) sur lesquelles le sens de variation de la fonction change.<\/li><li>Dans la deuxi\u00e8me ligne du tableau, on fait figurer des <strong>fl\u00e8ches<\/strong> repr\u00e9sentant le sens de variation de la fonction.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ca2b318 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ca2b318\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6851642\" data-id=\"6851642\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfd0d8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bfd0d8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SCHEMA_VARIATIONS.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"SCHEMA_VARIATIONS\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0333883 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0333883\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e1959d8\" data-id=\"e1959d8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cee023 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cee023\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les valeurs maximum M et minimum m d\u2019une fonction f sur l\u2019intervalle I correspondent respectivement \u00e0 la valeur la plus grande et la plus petite de f(x) avec x variant dans I. Sur l\u2019exemple ci-dessus, f atteint son maximum au point de coordonn\u00e9es (-2, 3) (3 \u00e9tant le maximum de la fonction) et son minimum au point (5, -3). Les valeurs maximum et minimum sont appel\u00e9es <b>les extremums<\/b> de la fonction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cccbf9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cccbf9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17302f5\" data-id=\"17302f5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-239107c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"239107c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">6. Les fonctions en data science<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f7bd12b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f7bd12b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f75d16\" data-id=\"7f75d16\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f0bb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2f0bb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En analyse des donn\u00e9es les fonctions sont utilis\u00e9es \u00e0 tous les niveaux. Par exemple en <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-langage-python\"><strong>Python<\/strong><\/a>, les librairies utilis\u00e9es pour appliquer des transformations sur les donn\u00e9es sont des paquets de fonctions. Selon ce que l\u2019on souhaite r\u00e9aliser (par exemple manipuler du texte ou des images) on va utiliser un paquet de fonctions d\u00e9di\u00e9es \u00e0 <strong>la manipulation d\u2019un type de donn\u00e9es<\/strong>.<\/p><p>En Python, on a des fonctions pour \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s tout faire (de la lecture \u00e0 la sauvegarde en passant par <strong>la transformation des donn\u00e9es ou des fichiers<\/strong>).<\/p><p>Si vous souhaitez en savoir plus sur l&rsquo;utilisation des fonctions sur Python, d\u00e9couvrez nos parcours de formation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e46ec94 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e46ec94\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7fab5b3\" data-id=\"7fab5b3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0167ea7 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"0167ea7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">D\u00e9couvrir les formations de DataScientest<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c51928f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c51928f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36df393\" data-id=\"36df393\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1f476e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a1f476e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliographie :<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3373c3f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3373c3f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-514c44c\" data-id=\"514c44c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db030d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db030d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maths-cours.fr\/cours\/fonction\"><strong>Notion de fonction &#8211; Maths-cours.fr<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li>Livre \u00e0 la maison (math pour la data science)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.letudiant.fr\/boite-a-docs\/document\/comprendre-et-utiliser-la-notion-de-fonction.html\"><strong>Comprendre et utiliser la notion de fonction &#8211; Cours &#8211; Fiches de r\u00e9vision (letudiant.fr)<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.letudiant.fr\/boite-a-docs\/document\/comprendre-et-utiliser-la-notion-de-fonction.html\"><strong>Comprendre et utiliser la notion de fonction &#8211; Cours &#8211; Fiches de r\u00e9vision (letudiant.fr)<\/strong><\/a><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Des statistiques \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tude des mouvements des corps en passant par le cours des actions financi\u00e8res en bourse, les fonctions sont utilis\u00e9es dans tous les domaines. A chaque fois qu\u2019on appuie sur une touche d\u2019un clavier d\u2019ordinateur ou qu\u2019on manipule un t\u00e9l\u00e9phone portable, on peut se dire qu\u2019en t\u00e2che de fond plusieurs fonctions se relaient [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":162363,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[1417],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Coup de pouce Math : Comprendre les fonctions en 5 points essentiels<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mais que sont les fonctions ? C&#039;est une question que beaucoup se posent. Si vous souhaitez avoir quelques explications, d\u00e9couvrez comment les comprendre en 5 points.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Coup de pouce Math : Comprendre les fonctions en 5 points essentiels\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-06-09T15:37:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-10-05T09:45:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/COUV_ARTICLE_FONCTIONS-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1025\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"562\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Daniel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Daniel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels\",\"name\":\"Coup de pouce Math : Comprendre les fonctions en 5 points essentiels\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-09T15:37:14+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-05T09:45:46+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5a86e30c5090234fb43dd8baa83c44b0\"},\"description\":\"Mais que sont les fonctions ? 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Si vous souhaitez avoir quelques explications, d\u00e9couvrez comment les comprendre en 5 points.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Coup de pouce Math : Comprendre les fonctions en 5 points essentiels","og_url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels","og_site_name":"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com","article_published_time":"2022-06-09T15:37:14+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-10-05T09:45:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1025,"height":562,"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/COUV_ARTICLE_FONCTIONS-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Daniel","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Daniel","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/les-fonctions-en-5-points-essentiels","name":"Coup de pouce Math : Comprendre les fonctions en 5 points essentiels","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-06-09T15:37:14+00:00","dateModified":"2023-10-05T09:45:46+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5a86e30c5090234fb43dd8baa83c44b0"},"description":"Mais que sont les fonctions ? C'est une question que beaucoup se posent. 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