{"id":178804,"date":"2022-11-03T14:57:03","date_gmt":"2022-11-03T14:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=178804"},"modified":"2023-11-09T13:56:03","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T13:56:03","slug":"pytest-pourquoi-et-comment-lutiliser","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/pytest-pourquoi-et-comment-lutiliser","title":{"rendered":"Pytest pour Python : Pourquoi et comment l&rsquo;utiliser ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"178804\" class=\"elementor elementor-178804\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e09aa6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"0e09aa6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30bb575 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"30bb575\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pour quelles raisons tester son code ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0f551b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b0f551b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Dans un <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/test-unitaire\">pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent article<\/a>, nous avons vu pourquoi les tests unitaires sont fondamentaux pour assurer la qualit\u00e9 et le bon fonctionnement d\u2019un code.<\/p><p>Pour rappel, les tests unitaires permettent de tester isol\u00e9ment diff\u00e9rentes parties d\u2019un code contrairement aux tests d\u2019int\u00e9gration qui v\u00e9rifient le fonctionnement du code dans son ensemble. Ils se diff\u00e9rencient \u00e9galement des tests fonctionnels (functional testing) qui permettent de s\u2019assurer du fonctionnement d\u2019une fonctionnalit\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98b9b77 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"98b9b77\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae230d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ae230d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pourquoi utiliser le framework Pytest pour tester son code ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e4956d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e4956d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Afin de faciliter l\u2019automatisation des tests unitaires, il est possible d\u2019utiliser des <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/quest-ce-quun-framework\">frameworks<\/a> de test ou \u00ab\u00a0testing frameworks\u00a0\u00bb qui permettent de normaliser leur \u00e9criture, d\u2019identifier rapidement les tests qui \u00e9chouent et de faciliter leur maintenance .<\/p><p>Sur Python, il existe diff\u00e9rents frameworks de tests dont les plus connus sont <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/test-unitaire\">Unittest<\/a> et Pytest. Aujourd\u2019hui, nous nous concentrerons sur l\u2019impl\u00e9mentation de tests unitaires avec Pytest dont la prise en main est un peu plus simple.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13a5e5a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"13a5e5a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38c5ae4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38c5ae4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment utiliser Pytest ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77e868c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77e868c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tout d\u2019abord, il vous faudra installer la librairie Pytest avec la commande pip install pytest.<\/p><p>Dans un dossier, nous cr\u00e9ons un fichier student.py. \u00c0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur nous cr\u00e9ons une <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/python-class\">classe<\/a> Student qui permet de cr\u00e9er des instance d\u2019\u00e9tudiants, d\u2019enregistrer leurs notes et de calculer leur moyenne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17293ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"17293ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/1a34a5726d4ba2f6f73f292dba675ca7.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-512ee0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"512ee0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dans le m\u00eame dossier, nous cr\u00e9ons un fichier de <strong><em>test student_test.py<\/em><\/strong>. Le nom des fichiers de test doivent s\u2019\u00e9crire sous le format \u00ab\u00a0<em>test_nom_du_fichier.py<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0<em>nom_du_fichier_test.py\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>. Dans le fichier, chaque test devra \u00eatre d\u00e9fini par une fonction pr\u00e9fix\u00e9e par \u00ab\u00a0test\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d58aa94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"d58aa94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/ceba2c83b23d3e1176136569fa7bbbfb.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-beade4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"beade4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les <strong>assert statements<\/strong> permettent de v\u00e9rifier que la fonction renvoie un r\u00e9sultat correct pour des arguments donn\u00e9s et de lever une exception si la condition est fausse. Dans notre exemple, les deux premi\u00e8res fonctions v\u00e9rifient les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s (grades, academic average) d\u2019un objet de type Student lors de son instanciation puis la valeur de la moyenne apr\u00e8s ajout d\u2019une note de 12.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si les fichiers de tests sont correctement pr\u00e9fix\u00e9s, il suffira de lancer la commande <em>python -m pytest<\/em> dans votre terminal pour les lancer. Pour lancer un test en particulier, ex\u00e9cutez la commande <em>python -m pytest nom_du_fichier.py<\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apr\u00e8s ex\u00e9cution, Pytest fournit un rapport d\u00e9taill\u00e9 des tests.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8ca5ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"d8ca5ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/0639af406966c9ee47dbb74e9f5cc945.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac585dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac585dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les \u00ab\u00a0<strong>collected items<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb correspondent au nombre de tests qui sont ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s. Ici, nos 3 tests sont pass\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nous modifions temporairement notre fichier <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">student.py <\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pour qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019instanciation d\u2019un \u00e9tudiant, il ait par d\u00e9faut eu une note de 10.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dc3882 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"6dc3882\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/510704f9efc542e4cf460787a2b39ac9.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a241956 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a241956\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans notre fichier <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">student_test.py<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, nous masquons les 2 premi\u00e8res fonctions de test pour conserver uniquement <strong>la fonction de <\/strong><\/span><strong>test_add_grades<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> puis nous ex\u00e9cutons le fichier de test.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee19dbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"ee19dbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/0210e2103e1c415579e821e4319c5bce.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2885df2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"2885df2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/759a4e9a805659fd68407780c8287b90.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5916f29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5916f29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nous constatons que le test ne passe plus car les modifications effectu\u00e9es dans notre fichier <em>student.py<\/em> rendent l\u2019assertion fausse. Pytest nous permet ainsi de voir si les modifications d\u2019un code impactent ou non le r\u00e9sultat attendu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NB : pour la suite, il sera n\u00e9cessaire de modifier la fonction init de student.py pour revenir \u00e0 une liste vide lors de l\u2019instanciation.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb6144e elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"bb6144e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/0af1f01fe5be708ed9da61adaa820484.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-042f2fd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"042f2fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0866b35 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0866b35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9viter la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition avec les <i>pytest fixtures<\/i><\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c82e048 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c82e048\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dans l\u2019exemple pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, nous avons instanci\u00e9 un objet de type Student dans chaque test. Pour \u00e9viter de r\u00e9\u00e9crire un code utilis\u00e9 dans plusieurs tests, Pytest dispose d\u2019un <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/python-avance-astuce-machine-learning\">d\u00e9corateur<\/a> sp\u00e9cifique appel\u00e9 fixture qui permet d\u2019acc\u00e9der facilement aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution d\u2019un test, de la donn\u00e9e par exemple. Pour sp\u00e9cifier qu\u2019une fonction est une <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pytest.org\/en\/6.2.x\/fixture.html\">fixture<\/a>, il sera n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019utiliser le d\u00e9corateur <em><strong>@pytest.fixture<\/strong><\/em> avant de la d\u00e9finir. Il faudra \u00e9galement passer la fixture en argument des fonctions de tests o\u00f9 vous souhaitez l\u2019appeler.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ddc0a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"2ddc0a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/327a2e993f9e31fe2572d0bd8537a4a3.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc34096 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc34096\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans cet exemple, la fixture nous \u00e9vite de r\u00e9-instancier l\u2019objet \u00e9tudiant dans chaque test.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cd873c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"7cd873c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67785f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"67785f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le d\u00e9corateur <i>parametrize tests<\/i> pour tester une suite d\u2019instructions<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cbf555 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"0cbf555\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/maelysBB\/aa0fa7dadd426e8740ab0f55ca31b57b.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f924f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9f924f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La param\u00e9trisation permet d&rsquo;ex\u00e9cuter le m\u00eame test avec diff\u00e9rentes valeurs. Pour cela nous utilisons le d\u00e9corateur <strong><em>@pytest.mark.parametrize<\/em><\/strong>. Il faudra pr\u00e9ciser le nom des arguments \u00e0 tester ainsi que leur valeur.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f41522b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"f41522b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b0f590 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6b0f590\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-025941a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"025941a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans cet article, nous nous sommes initi\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation de Pytest pour tester un code. En tant que <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-engineer-tout-savoir\">Data Engineer<\/a> ou <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/metier-data-scientist\">Data Scientist<\/a>, la mise en place de tests unitaires est une \u00e9tape n\u00e9cessaire pour garantir la qualit\u00e9 d\u2019un code et r\u00e9duire les probl\u00e8mes lors du d\u00e9ploiement.\u00a0 Il faut n\u00e9anmoins rappeler que cette \u00e9tape n\u2019est pas suffisante. D\u2019une part, lors du d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019une application de <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/le-machine-learning-au-service-de-la-cybersecurite-pour-la-detection-de-spams-dans-les-e-mails\">Machine Learning<\/a>, certains \u00e9l\u00e9ments peuvent passer entre les mailles du filet. De plus, les t<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ests unitaires ne peuvent, par d\u00e9finition, tester l&rsquo;interaction entre les unit\u00e9s.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour <strong>d\u00e9couvrir le m\u00e9tier de Data Engineer et le parcours de formation<\/strong> que nous proposons, n\u2019h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 consulter notre page d\u00e9di\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-055ff77 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"055ff77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-data-engineer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">D\u00e9couvrir notre formation Data Engineer<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61c9538 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"61c9538\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce5397e elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"ce5397e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Pourquoi utiliser le framework Pytest pour tester son code ?\u200b\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Afin de faciliter l\u2019automatisation des tests unitaires, il est possible d\u2019utiliser des frameworks de test ou \\\"testing frameworks\\\" qui permettent de normaliser leur \u00e9criture, d\u2019identifier rapidement les tests qui \u00e9chouent et de faciliter leur maintenance .\"\r\n    }\r\n  },{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Comment \u00e9viter la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition avec les pytest fixtures\u200b ?\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Pour \u00e9viter de r\u00e9\u00e9crire un code utilis\u00e9 dans plusieurs tests, Pytest dispose d\u2019un d\u00e9corateur sp\u00e9cifique appel\u00e9 fixture qui permet d\u2019acc\u00e9der facilement aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution d\u2019un test, de la donn\u00e9e par exemple. Pour sp\u00e9cifier qu\u2019une fonction est une fixture, il sera n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019utiliser le d\u00e9corateur @pytest.fixture avant de la d\u00e9finir. Il faudra \u00e9galement passer la fixture en argument des fonctions de tests o\u00f9 vous souhaitez l\u2019appeler.\"\r\n    }\r\n  }]\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pour quelles raisons tester son code ? Dans un pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent article, nous avons vu pourquoi les tests unitaires sont fondamentaux pour assurer la qualit\u00e9 et le bon fonctionnement d\u2019un code. Pour rappel, les tests unitaires permettent de tester isol\u00e9ment diff\u00e9rentes parties d\u2019un code contrairement aux tests d\u2019int\u00e9gration qui v\u00e9rifient le fonctionnement du code dans son [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":179424,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2497],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pytest pour Python : Pourquoi et comment l&#039;utiliser ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sur Python, il existe diff\u00e9rents frameworks de tests dont les plus connus sont Unittest et Pytest. 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