{"id":203510,"date":"2023-07-03T07:30:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-03T07:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=203510"},"modified":"2023-11-09T14:21:52","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T14:21:52","slug":"load-balancers-tout-savoir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/load-balancers-tout-savoir","title":{"rendered":"Load Balancers : Tout savoir sur ce dispositif cl\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"203510\" class=\"elementor elementor-203510\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9561e6c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"9561e6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5df5834 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5df5834\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u2019\u00e9quilibreur de charge est un dispositif cl\u00e9 qui assure le bon fonctionnement de nombreux services num\u00e9riques. Sa mission est de r\u00e9partir les demandes entrantes entre plusieurs serveurs afin d\u2019\u00e9viter une surcharge et assurer une r\u00e9ponse rapide et efficace. En d\u2019autres termes, il agit tel un chef d\u2019orchestre dirigeant le flux de trafic \u00e0 travers les serveurs pour optimiser l\u2019utilisation des ressources, maximiser la performance et minimiser les temps de r\u00e9ponse.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3503ed3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3503ed3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans cet article, nous allons lever le voile sur cette technologie devenue essentielle.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-606cb86 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"606cb86\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-710a87f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"710a87f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les diff\u00e9rents types d\u2019\u00e9quilibreur de charge<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe13faa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe13faa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un \u00e9quilibreur de charge peut \u00eatre mat\u00e9riel ou logiciel et op\u00e9rer \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents niveaux de la pile de protocoles r\u00e9seau. Chaque type a ses avantages, inconv\u00e9nients et cas d\u2019utilisation optimales. Voyons ceci en d\u00e9tail.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59aaeed elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"59aaeed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"tg\" style=\"undefined;table-layout: fixed; width: 800px\"><colgroup><col style=\"width: 30px\"><col style=\"width: 150px\"><col style=\"width: 600px\"><\/colgroup><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"tg-0pky\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image4-1.png\" alt=\"Image\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\"><\/td><td><strong>Mat\u00e9riel<\/strong><\/td><td>Ce sont des dispositifs <strong>physiques <\/strong>con\u00e7us pour g\u00e9rer l\u2019\u00e9quilibrage de charge \u00e0 <strong>grande \u00e9chelle<\/strong>. Ils sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s en <strong>data center<\/strong> et sont capables de g\u00e9rer un <strong>grand volume de trafic<\/strong>. Ils sont \u00e9galement souvent dot\u00e9s de fonctionnalit\u00e9s avanc\u00e9es et offrent une <strong>haute performance<\/strong>, mais peuvent en revanche se r\u00e9v\u00e9ler <strong>co\u00fbteux <\/strong>et <strong>moins flexibles<\/strong> que leur penchant logiciel.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"tg-0pky\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image1-2.png\" alt=\"Image\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\"><\/td><td><strong>Logiciel<\/strong><\/td><td>Ces \u00e9quilibreurs de charge sont des <strong>applications <\/strong>install\u00e9es sur un <strong>serveur<\/strong>. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement moins <strong>co\u00fbteux <\/strong>et <strong>plus flexibles<\/strong> que leurs homologues mat\u00e9riels, ils peuvent \u00eatre facilement <strong>mis \u00e0 jour<\/strong> ou <strong>modifi\u00e9s<\/strong>. Cependant, leur <strong>performance <\/strong>peut d\u00e9pendre des <strong>ressources <\/strong>du serveur sur lequel ils sont install\u00e9s.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"tg-0pky\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image5-1.png\" alt=\"Image\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\"><\/td><td><strong>Couche 4<\/strong><\/td><td>Un \u00e9quilibreur de charge bas\u00e9 sur le <strong>r\u00e9seau<\/strong>(ou Layer 4), op\u00e8re sur la <strong>couche transport du mod\u00e8le OSI<\/strong>. Il <strong>r\u00e9partit<\/strong> le trafic en fonction des adresses IP source et destination, ainsi que du port. Plus <strong>simple <\/strong>et plus <strong>rapide<\/strong>, il offre en revanche <strong>moins de possibilit\u00e9s<\/strong> pour g\u00e9rer le trafic de <strong>mani\u00e8re granulaire<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"tg-0pky\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image2-2.png\" alt=\"Image\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\"><\/td><td><strong>Couche 7<\/strong><\/td><td>Un \u00e9quilibreur de charge bas\u00e9 sur <strong>l\u2019application <\/strong>(ou Layer 7), op\u00e8re sur la <strong>couche application du mod\u00e8le<\/strong> <strong>OSI<\/strong>. Il prend des d\u00e9cisions de routage <strong>plus complexes<\/strong> bas\u00e9es sur le <strong>contenu des messages<\/strong>, comme l\u2019URL, les cookies ou les en-t\u00eates HTTP. Cela lui permet d\u2019offrir une r\u00e9partition de charge <strong>plus sophistiqu\u00e9e<\/strong>, mais il est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement <strong>plus lent<\/strong> que son homologue bas\u00e9 sur le r\u00e9seau.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"tg-0pky\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image3-2.png\" alt=\"Image\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\"><\/td><td><strong>Principaux fournisseurs<\/strong><\/td><td>De nombreux fournisseurs de solutions d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage de charge existent, notamment dans le domaine du cloud. Parmi eux, on peut citer :&nbsp;<ul><li><strong>Amazon Web Services<\/strong> : propose le service Elastic Load Balancing, qui comprend le Classic Load Balancer (Layer 4), le Application Load Balancer (Layer 7) et le Network Load Balancer pour des performances \u00e0 tr\u00e8s grande \u00e9chelle<\/li><li><strong>Google Cloud<\/strong> : fournit le Google Cloud Load Balancing, solution enti\u00e8rement distribu\u00e9e et logicielle<\/li><li><strong>Microsoft Azure<\/strong> : propose Azure Load Balancer (Layer 4) et Azure Application Gateway (Layer 7)<\/li><\/ul><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ec9889 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3ec9889\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-aws\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Ma\u00eetriser le fonctionnement des Load Balancers<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-768c4df e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"768c4df\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcb80d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fcb80d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment fonctionne les \u00e9quilibreurs de charge ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e7324d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6e7324d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"518\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image6.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-203536\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image6.png 1024w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image6-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/image6-768x389.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Source : nginx.com<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e009892 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"e009892\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b72f34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7b72f34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les algorithmes utilis\u00e9s<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab316fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab316fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un \u00e9quilibreur de charge utilise diff\u00e9rents <\/span><b>algorithmes <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pour d\u00e9terminer la mani\u00e8re dont doit \u00eatre <\/span><b>r\u00e9parti <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">le trafic entrant entre les serveurs. Voici quelques-uns des algorithmes les plus couramment utilis\u00e9s :\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Round Robin<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : C\u2019est le plus simple. Il distribue les requ\u00eates de mani\u00e8re cyclique \u00e0 chaque serveur de la liste, un \u00e0 la fois.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Least Connections<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : Cet algorithme dirige les nouvelles requ\u00eates vers le serveur avec le moins de connexions actives. C\u2019est utile lorsque tous les serveurs n\u2019ont pas la m\u00eame capacit\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>IP Hash<\/b><span> : Il utilise l\u2019adresse IP d\u2019origine et de destination pour d\u00e9terminer \u00e0 quel serveur envoyer la requ\u00eate. C\u2019est utile pour assurer une persistance de session.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98d7881 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"98d7881\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1140cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d1140cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gestion et persistance de session<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-774a2b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"774a2b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour certaines applications, il est important que toutes les requ\u00eates d\u2019un utilisateur soient dirig\u00e9es vers le <\/span><b>m\u00eame serveur<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pendant la dur\u00e9e de sa session. C\u2019est ce qu\u2019on appelle la \u00ab\u00a0<\/span><b>persistance de session<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0<\/span><b>l\u2019affinit\u00e9 de session<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00ab\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prenons un exemple concret. Imaginez que vous ajoutiez des articles \u00e0 votre panier sur un site marchand, ces informations peuvent \u00eatre stock\u00e9es sur un serveur sp\u00e9cifique. Maintenant, si vos requ\u00eates sont redirig\u00e9es vers un autre serveur, votre panier pourrait alors appara\u00eetre comme vide. Pour \u00e9viter cela, les \u00e9quilibreurs de charge utilisent des techniques comme les cookies ou l\u2019algorithme IP Hash pour s\u2019assurer que toutes vos requ\u00eates aillent au m\u00eame endroit.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d3f80c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"4d3f80c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e3315f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e3315f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00e9rification de l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des serveurs<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5047d7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5047d7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il est imp\u00e9ratif qu\u2019un \u00e9quilibreur de charge <\/span><b>surveille l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des serveurs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> qu\u2019il g\u00e8re. Ainsi, si un serveur est d\u00e9termin\u00e9 comme \u00e9tant <\/span><b>en panne ou non r\u00e9actif<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, l\u2019\u00e9quilibreur de charge cesse de lui envoyer du trafic jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce qu\u2019il soit \u00e0 nouveau <\/span><b>op\u00e9rationnel<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Cela permet de garantir que le trafic soit transmis \u00e0 des serveurs qui sont en mesure de le g\u00e9rer, am\u00e9liorant ainsi la fiabilit\u00e9 et la performance globale de l\u2019application.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cb5c62 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"6cb5c62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f58d97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0f58d97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle et haute disponibilit\u00e9<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0493d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a0493d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un autre aspect important est leur capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 g\u00e9rer la <\/span><b>scalabilit\u00e9 <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(mise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle) et la <\/span><b>haute disponibilit\u00e9<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. En surveillant continuellement le trafic et la performance des serveurs, un \u00e9quilibreur de charge peut aider \u00e0 identifier le moment o\u00f9 de nouvelles ressources sont n\u00e9cessaires, et assurer une disponibilit\u00e9 continue du service en r\u00e9acheminant le trafic en cas de d\u00e9faillance d\u2019un serveur.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0e9959 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"b0e9959\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17a0f7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"17a0f7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c766d6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c766d6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nous avons vu au travers de cet article que les \u00e9quilibreurs de charge jouent un r\u00f4le essentiel dans la <strong>gestion du trafic r\u00e9seau<\/strong>. Il est donc clair qu\u2019ils sont une composante cruciale de l\u2019infrastructure r\u00e9seau moderne.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les \u00e9quilibreurs de charge contribuent \u00e0 l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 des op\u00e9rations en r\u00e9partissant intelligemment le trafic entre les serveurs, en assurant la persistance des sessions pour une meilleure exp\u00e9rience utilisateur, et en surveillant l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des serveurs pour une performance et une disponibilit\u00e9 optimale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alors que notre d\u00e9pendance envers les applications et les services en ligne continue de cro\u00eetre, leur importance ne fera qu\u2019augmenter. Il est donc essentiel pour les entreprises et les professionnels de l\u2019informatique de comprendre leur fonctionnement et de savoir comment les g\u00e9rer efficacement.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cf1ff1 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6cf1ff1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-aws\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Suivre une formation sur AWS<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a77d7b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"3a77d7b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1585e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"c1585e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Gestion et persistance de session\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Pour certaines applications, il est important que toutes les requ\u00eates d\u2019un utilisateur soient dirig\u00e9es vers le m\u00eame serveur pendant la dur\u00e9e de sa session. C\u2019est ce qu\u2019on appelle la \\\"persistance de session\\\" ou \\\"l\u2019affinit\u00e9 de session\\\".\"\r\n    }\r\n  },{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Les algorithmes utilis\u00e9s\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Un \u00e9quilibreur de charge utilise diff\u00e9rents algorithmes pour d\u00e9terminer la mani\u00e8re dont doit \u00eatre r\u00e9parti le trafic entrant entre les serveurs. Voici quelques-uns des algorithmes les plus couramment utilis\u00e9s : Round Robin : C\u2019est le plus simple. Il distribue les requ\u00eates de mani\u00e8re cyclique \u00e0 chaque serveur de la liste, un \u00e0 la fois. Least Connections : Cet algorithme dirige les nouvelles requ\u00eates vers le serveur avec le moins de connexions actives. C\u2019est utile lorsque tous les serveurs n\u2019ont pas la m\u00eame capacit\u00e9. IP Hash : Il utilise l\u2019adresse IP d\u2019origine et de destination pour d\u00e9terminer \u00e0 quel serveur envoyer la requ\u00eate. C\u2019est utile pour assurer une persistance de session.\"\r\n    }\r\n  },{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"V\u00e9rification de l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des serveurs\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Il est imp\u00e9ratif qu\u2019un \u00e9quilibreur de charge surveille l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des serveurs qu\u2019il g\u00e8re. Ainsi, si un serveur est d\u00e9termin\u00e9 comme \u00e9tant en panne ou non r\u00e9actif, l\u2019\u00e9quilibreur de charge cesse de lui envoyer du trafic jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce qu\u2019il soit \u00e0 nouveau op\u00e9rationnel. Cela permet de garantir que le trafic soit transmis \u00e0 des serveurs qui sont en mesure de le g\u00e9rer, am\u00e9liorant ainsi la fiabilit\u00e9 et la performance globale de l\u2019application.\"\r\n    }\r\n  }]\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019\u00e9quilibreur de charge est un dispositif cl\u00e9 qui assure le bon fonctionnement de nombreux services num\u00e9riques. Sa mission est de r\u00e9partir les demandes entrantes entre plusieurs serveurs afin d\u2019\u00e9viter une surcharge et assurer une r\u00e9ponse rapide et efficace. En d\u2019autres termes, il agit tel un chef d\u2019orchestre dirigeant le flux de trafic \u00e0 travers les [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":203512,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2411],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Load Balancers : Tout savoir sur ce dispositif cl\u00e9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019\u00e9quilibreur de charge est un dispositif cl\u00e9 qui assure le bon fonctionnement de nombreux services num\u00e9riques. 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Il poss\u00e8de une solide exp\u00e9rience dans le domaine de la data, ayant pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment occup\u00e9 des postes de Consultant en Data Science chez Meotec, Data Engineer chez Cetim, et Ing\u00e9nieur commercial chez Global D\u00e9co &amp; Food.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/dancohen1307\/\",\"Cloud & Data Engineering\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/author\/dancohen\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Load Balancers : Tout savoir sur ce dispositif cl\u00e9","description":"L\u2019\u00e9quilibreur de charge est un dispositif cl\u00e9 qui assure le bon fonctionnement de nombreux services num\u00e9riques. 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