{"id":207569,"date":"2023-09-26T07:30:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-26T07:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=207569"},"modified":"2023-11-09T13:42:53","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T13:42:53","slug":"dtype-python-tout-savoir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/dtype-python-tout-savoir","title":{"rendered":"Dtype Python : Comment cr\u00e9er des tableaux structur\u00e9s ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"207569\" class=\"elementor elementor-207569\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e57719 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"3e57719\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67f6e2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"67f6e2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Que ce soit pour un projet informatique, un fichier RH ou commercial, un tableau poss\u00e8de rarement un seul type de donn\u00e9es. Bien souvent, les donn\u00e9es num\u00e9riques et textuelles se confondent pour apporter plus de contexte. C\u2019est justement pour cela que les Dtype sur Python sont si utiles.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a75594d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a75594d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alors de quoi s\u2019agit-il ? Quels sont les diff\u00e9rents Dtype ? \u00c0 quoi servent-ils ? Et comment les utiliser ? C\u2019est ce que nous allons voir dans cet article.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7efe9b3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"7efe9b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0042aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b0042aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u2019est quoi un Dtype ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a879ea3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a879ea3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les Dtype correspondent aux <\/span><b>types de donn\u00e9es de la biblioth\u00e8que NumPy <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(numerical Python). Cet outil construit \u00e0 base de <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/langage-c-tout-savoir\">langage de programmation C<\/a> facilite les calculs num\u00e9riques avec Python. Notamment gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une gestion facilit\u00e9e des tableaux (array) de nombres. Et cela est rendu possible gr\u00e2ce aux dtype. Et pour cause, chaque tableau poss\u00e8de diff\u00e9rents types de donn\u00e9es.<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les dtype permettent ainsi de<\/span><b> d\u00e9crire comment sont cod\u00e9es les valeurs, et comment elles doivent \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9es. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concr\u00e8tement, ils vous renseignent sur les informations ci-dessous :\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Le type de donn\u00e9es<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : nombre entier, r\u00e9el, donn\u00e9es textuelles, objet Python, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>La taille des donn\u00e9es<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : les donn\u00e9es sont cod\u00e9es en bits. C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire, la m\u00e9moire allou\u00e9e pour les stocker en m\u00e9moire. En fonction de la m\u00e9moire disponible, les datas se pr\u00e9senteront sous la forme int16, uint32, complex64, etc.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>L\u2019ordre des octets des donn\u00e9es<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> :\u00a0 le signe \u00ab <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00bb est indiqu\u00e9 pour l\u2019encodage little endian, et sinon, c\u2019est le signe \u00ab <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&gt; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00bb<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pour l\u2019encodage big endian. Ces caract\u00e8res sont pr\u00e9cis\u00e9s au d\u00e9but du type de donn\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Pour les donn\u00e9es structur\u00e9es<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : vous aurez des informations suppl\u00e9mentaires concernant les champs de la structure, le type de donn\u00e9es pour chaque champ, la partie du bloc m\u00e9moire occup\u00e9 par chaque champ, etc. L\u2019id\u00e9e est alors de d\u00e9crire le plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment possible un tableau compos\u00e9 de diff\u00e9rentes variables.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Pour les sous-r\u00e9seaux<\/b><span> : ici, les dtype vous renseignent sur la forme et le <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/la-data-le-nouvel-or-du-21eme-siecle\">type de donn\u00e9es<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f00cf9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"5f00cf9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d14923f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d14923f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quels sont les dtype de Python ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbcaa03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bbcaa03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si l\u2019on parle de dtype sur Python, ces variables proviennent en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la biblioth\u00e8que NumPy. Et sur cette derni\u00e8re, ils sont encore plus vari\u00e9s. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f79e49d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f79e49d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sur Python<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa1385d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa1385d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/python-tout-savoir\">langage de programmation Python<\/a> vous propose ces types de donn\u00e9es :<\/span>\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>String<\/b> : il est utilis\u00e9 pour repr\u00e9senter des donn\u00e9es textuelles. Ici, le texte est \u00e9crit entre guillemets. Par exemple \u00ab\u00a0les dtypes de Python\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Integer<\/b> : ce dtype repr\u00e9sente les nombres entiers, comme -1, -2, -3.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Float <\/b> : similaire au type de donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, il s\u2019agit surtout de repr\u00e9senter des nombres r\u00e9els. Donc pas seulement les nombres entiers, mais aussi les d\u00e9cimales ou les fractions, telles que 1.2, \u2156, 5.69, etc.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Booleen<\/b> : il s\u2019agit simplement des donn\u00e9es repr\u00e9sentant Vrai ou Faux.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Complexe<\/b> : ce sont les nombres plus complexes, comme 1.0 + 2.3j.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a22566 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8a22566\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il s\u2019agit ici des dtype sur Python. Mais sur NumPy, il y a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">une plus grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de types de donn\u00e9es. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-178b81a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"178b81a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Avec la biblioth\u00e8que NumPy<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8662841 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8662841\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sur <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/numpy\">NumPy<\/a>, les dtype reprennent le type de donn\u00e9es et leur taille. Voici un tableau r\u00e9capitulant les diff\u00e9rentes combinaisons possibles : <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b189d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"3b189d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n.tg  {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;}\r\n.tg td{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;\r\n  overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;}\r\n.tg th{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;\r\n  font-weight:normal;overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;}\r\n.tg .tg-gfw1{background-color:#c0c0c0;font-family:\"Trebuchet MS\", Helvetica, sans-serif !important;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold;\r\n  text-align:center;vertical-align:top}\r\n.tg .tg-o6e8{background-color:#c0c0c0;font-family:\"Trebuchet MS\", Helvetica, sans-serif !important;font-size:16px;text-align:center;\r\n  vertical-align:top}\r\n.tg .tg-znjt{background-color:#ffffff;font-family:\"Trebuchet MS\", Helvetica, sans-serif !important;font-size:16px;text-align:center;\r\n  vertical-align:top}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<table class=\"tg\" style=\"undefined;table-layout: fixed; width: 500px\">\r\n<colgroup>\r\n<col style=\"width: 150px\">\r\n<col style=\"width: 350px\">\r\n<\/colgroup>\r\n<thead>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-gfw1\">Type de donn\u00e9es<\/th>\r\n    <th class=\"tg-gfw1\">Description<\/th>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\">Bool_<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\">Ce sont les donn\u00e9es vrai ou faux<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\">byte<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\">Entier sign\u00e9 (valeur positive ou n\u00e9gative)<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\">ubyte<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\">Entier non sign\u00e9 (c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire uniquement des valeurs positives)<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\">int8<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\">Entier sign\u00e9 sur 8 bits.<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\">int16<\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\">Entier sign\u00e9 sur 16 bits.<\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">int32<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Entier sign\u00e9 sur 32 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">int64<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Entier sign\u00e9 sur 64 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">uint8<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Entier non sign\u00e9 sur 8 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">uint16<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Entier non sign\u00e9 sur 16 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">uint32<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Entier non sign\u00e9 sur 32 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">uint64<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Entier non sign\u00e9 sur 64 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">float16<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Nombre \u00e0 virgule sur 16 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">float32<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Nombre \u00e0 virgule sur 32 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">float64<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Nombre \u00e0 virgule sur 64 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">complex64<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Nombre complexe sur 64 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-o6e8\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">complex128<\/span><\/td>\r\n    <td class=\"tg-znjt\"><span style=\"font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;color:#000\">Nombre complexe sur 128 bits.<\/span><\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d13245a elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d13245a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-data-scientist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Apprendre \u00e0 utiliser Dtype Python<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-014d926 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"014d926\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5636d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a5636d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c0 quoi servent les dtype sur Python ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d526926 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d526926\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les dtype de Python permettent de<\/span><b> cr\u00e9er des tableaux structur\u00e9s<\/b> (ou tableaux d&rsquo;enregistrements). \u00c0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de ces tableaux structur\u00e9s, vous pouvez<b> ins\u00e9rer diff\u00e9rents types de donn\u00e9es par colonne. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Par exemple, des donn\u00e9es chiffr\u00e9es, des donn\u00e9es textuelles, des formules complexes, etc. Ces derniers ressemblent fortement aux traditionnels <\/span><b>fichiers Excel ou CSV<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ils peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s par diff\u00e9rents services de l\u2019organisation, comme les ressources humaines pour compiler les donn\u00e9es de tous les collaborateurs de l\u2019entreprise, les services logistiques pour avoir une visibilit\u00e9 des fournisseurs et de leurs tarifs, etc.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sans dtype, il n\u2019est pas possible de cr\u00e9er des tableaux structur\u00e9s. Seulement des ndarray qui contiennent des objets de donn\u00e9es homog\u00e8nes. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-172c538 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"172c538\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3665b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3665b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment cr\u00e9er un tableau avec dtype ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2d30c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2d30c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Voici quelques exemples basiques de cr\u00e9ation de tableaux avec dtype sur Python.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-947596c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"947596c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Un tableau avec un seul type de donn\u00e9e<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4007291 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4007291\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour cela, deux possibilit\u00e9s s\u2019offrent \u00e0 vous.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1 \/ Soit d\u00e9finir le type de donn\u00e9es en utilisant une cha\u00eene de caract\u00e8res.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Voici le code :\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong><mark>import numpy as np<\/mark><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong><mark>a1 = np.array( [1,2,3], dtype = &lsquo;int64&rsquo;)<\/mark><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong><mark>print( a1)<\/mark><\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2 \/ Soit d\u00e9finir le type de donn\u00e9es en faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la biblioth\u00e8que NumPy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Voici le code :\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong><mark>a2 = np.array( [1,2,3], dtype = np.int64)<\/mark><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong><mark>print(a2)<\/mark><\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans ces exemples, nous avons utilis\u00e9 les donn\u00e9es repr\u00e9sentant des nombres entiers, mais il est \u00e9videmment possible d\u2019utiliser tout autre dtype souhait\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-808b53c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"808b53c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Un tableau avec plusieurs types de donn\u00e9e<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e85d26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e85d26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il est possible de cr\u00e9er un tableau structur\u00e9 avec plusieurs colonnes, chacune ayant un type de donn\u00e9e distinct. Pour vous aider \u00e0 mieux comprendre, voici un exemple avec 3 colonnes :\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un champ \u00ab\u00a0nom\u00a0\u00bb avec des donn\u00e9es textuelles (string)<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un champ \u00ab\u00a0\u00e2ge\u00a0\u00bb avec des nombres entiers (integer)<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un champ \u00ab\u00a0salaire\u00a0\u00bb avec des d\u00e9cimales (flottant)<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45cc223 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45cc223\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Voici le code :\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><mark><strong>employ\u00e9 = np.dtype([(&lsquo;nom&rsquo;,&rsquo;S&rsquo;), (&lsquo;age&rsquo;, &lsquo;i&rsquo;), (&lsquo;salaire&rsquo;, &lsquo;f&rsquo;)])<\/strong><\/mark><\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><mark><strong>a = np.array([(&lsquo;vincent dupont&rsquo;, 32, 2368.45), (&#8217;emilie martin&rsquo;, 26, 2689.23)],<\/strong><\/mark><\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><mark><strong>dtype = employ\u00e9)<\/strong><\/mark><\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><mark><strong>print(a)<\/strong><\/mark><\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><mark><strong>print(a.dtype)<\/strong><\/mark><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il ne s\u2019agit l\u00e0 que de quelques exemples simplifi\u00e9s des dtype sur Python. Si vous souhaitez aller plus loin, mieux vaut se former.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dcfcd8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"0dcfcd8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f33260 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f33260\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Rejoignez DataScientest pour ma\u00eetriser les dtype sur Python<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68d4408 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68d4408\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La ma\u00eetrise des Dtype sur Python n\u00e9cessite des connaissances et une pratique approfondies. C\u2019est pourquoi, Datascientest vous propose ses formations en analyse et <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-data-scientist\">science de la donn\u00e9e<\/a>. Ici, vous apprendrez tout ce qu\u2019il faut savoir sur les langages de programmation.<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4191b0 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"e4191b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-data-scientist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Apprendre Python pour la Data Science<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30105a3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"30105a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43ffb1d elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"43ffb1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"C\u2019est quoi un Dtype ?\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Les Dtype correspondent aux types de donn\u00e9es de la biblioth\u00e8que NumPy (numerical Python). 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Ils peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s par diff\u00e9rents services de l\u2019organisation, comme les ressources humaines pour compiler les donn\u00e9es de tous les collaborateurs de l\u2019entreprise, les services logistiques pour avoir une visibilit\u00e9 des fournisseurs et de leurs tarifs, etc.\"\r\n    }\r\n  }]\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Que ce soit pour un projet informatique, un fichier RH ou commercial, un tableau poss\u00e8de rarement un seul type de donn\u00e9es. Bien souvent, les donn\u00e9es num\u00e9riques et textuelles se confondent pour apporter plus de contexte. C\u2019est justement pour cela que les Dtype sur Python sont si utiles. Alors de quoi s\u2019agit-il ? Quels sont les [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":210698,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2497],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Dtype Python : Comment cr\u00e9er des tableaux structur\u00e9s ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pour int\u00e9grer plusieurs types de donn\u00e9es au sein d\u2019un tableau, il est possible d\u2019utiliser Dtype sur Python. 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