{"id":224227,"date":"2024-01-17T06:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-17T06:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=224227"},"modified":"2024-01-12T15:44:39","modified_gmt":"2024-01-12T15:44:39","slug":"sgbd-tout-savoir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir","title":{"rendered":"Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Bases de Donn\u00e9es (SGBD) : D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"224227\" class=\"elementor elementor-224227\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5250d0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"a5250d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-737a45d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"737a45d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pour g\u00e9rer les donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9sentes au sein d\u2019une database, les utilisateurs ont besoin d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es. Cet outil est indispensable pour acc\u00e9der, traiter et lire les informations contenues dans la base de donn\u00e9es. Mais comment fonctionne-t-il ? Quels sont les principaux SGBD existant sur le march\u00e9 ? DataScientest r\u00e9pond \u00e0 vos questions.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1ac31f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"f1ac31f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c647dce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c647dce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un SGBD ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e02564 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e02564\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">D\u00e9finition SGBD<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc5f442 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc5f442\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le SGBD (ou syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es) est un <\/span><b>logiciel permettant aux utilisateurs finaux de manipuler les donn\u00e9es d\u2019une database<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Par exemple, r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer, ajouter, modifier, compresser, extraire ou supprimer des donn\u00e9es. Sans SGBD, la <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/base-de-donnees-definition\">base de donn\u00e9es<\/a> n\u2019est pas fonctionnelle.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En plus du <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-management-tout-savoir\">data management<\/a>, le SGBD fournit une<\/span><b> vue centralis\u00e9e de ces donn\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Attention \u00e0 ne pas confondre base de donn\u00e9es, sch\u00e9ma de base de donn\u00e9es et syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La base de donn\u00e9es correspond \u00e0 la structure regroupant toutes les donn\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le sch\u00e9ma de base de donn\u00e9es d\u00e9finit la structure logique et\/ou physique de la database. C\u2019est une \u00e9bauche.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le SGBD correspond au logiciel permettant d\u2019exploiter la database.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21d7737 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"21d7737\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensemble, ils forment le syst\u00e8me de base de donn\u00e9es (commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9 base de donn\u00e9es, m\u00eame si c\u2019est une erreur s\u00e9mantique).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f406bf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f406bf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"497\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-224242\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd1.jpg 966w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd1-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd1-768x477.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-936cf99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"936cf99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Les caract\u00e9ristiques du syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c83b14f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c83b14f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c9l\u00e9ment central du syst\u00e8me de base de donn\u00e9es, un bon SGBD doit respecter plusieurs exigences caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par <\/span><b>l\u2019acronyme <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/acid\">ACID<\/a>, pour :\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Atomicit\u00e9 : <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">que l\u2019on peut traduire par le principe du \u201ctout ou rien\u201d. Cela signifie qu\u2019une transaction doit \u00eatre ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e correctement (en respectant les r\u00e8gles de syntaxe et d\u2019ordre) ou pas ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e du tout.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Coh\u00e9rence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : la base de donn\u00e9es doit rester stable, peu important les modifications effectu\u00e9es. Ce qui implique une v\u00e9rification constante.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Isolation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : les requ\u00eates doivent \u00eatre ind\u00e9pendantes les unes des autres.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><b>Durabilit\u00e9<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : toutes les donn\u00e9es doivent \u00eatre enregistr\u00e9es, en particulier en cas d\u2019erreur ou de bug.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60af27a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60af27a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Les composants du SGBD<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebdabe7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ebdabe7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es est compos\u00e9 de plusieurs \u00e9l\u00e9ments fondamentaux indispensables au bon fonctionnement du logiciel, \u00e0 savoir :\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Un dictionnaire de donn\u00e9es :<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> il regroupe les m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es qui permettent de donner du contexte aux informations stock\u00e9es. Par exemple, ces m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es peuvent vous renseigner sur la date de cr\u00e9ation de la donn\u00e9e, les autorisations d\u2019utilisation, l\u2019auteur, etc.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Le langage de d\u00e9finition des donn\u00e9es <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: le LDD (ou Data Definition Language -DDL) structure les objets contenus dans la base de donn\u00e9es, comme les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences, les relations ou les droits d\u2019utilisateur.<\/span><\/li><li><b>Le langage de manipulation des donn\u00e9es<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> : le LMD (ou Data Manipulation Language &#8211; DML) permet d&rsquo;interagir avec les donn\u00e9es.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f13024 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f13024\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce LMD figure d\u2019ailleurs parmi les \u00e9l\u00e9ments les plus importants du syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es. En effet, pour manipuler les donn\u00e9es via le SGBD, il faut donner des ordres. Mais pas n\u2019importe quel ordre. Les ressources informatiques comprennent un langage bien sp\u00e9cifique. Bien souvent, c\u2019est le <\/span><b>langage SQL<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (pour <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sql-tout-savoir\">Structured Query Language<\/a>) qui est le plus r\u00e9pandu pour interagir avec les bases de donn\u00e9es. Il regroupe alors un ensemble de normes universelles permettant d\u2019interagir avec les data. Cependant, chaque syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es dispose de sa propre syntaxe SQL. Et pour d\u2019autres SGBD, c\u2019est un tout autre langage qui est utilis\u00e9.<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-deabd8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"deabd8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"703\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-224246\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-693d23e elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"693d23e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"\/formation-sql\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Se former au langage SQL<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68adc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"68adc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a76b880 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a76b880\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quels sont les principaux syst\u00e8mes de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40539a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"40539a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">MySQL<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29ad412 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29ad412\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est <\/span><b>le plus utilis\u00e9 des SGBD <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(notamment par le CMS WordPress qui permet de cr\u00e9er la grande majorit\u00e9 des sites web). Pour autant, c\u2019est un peu le mauvais \u00e9l\u00e8ve du langage SQL. Et oui, de tous les syst\u00e8mes de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es, c\u2019est celui dont la syntaxe est la plus \u00e9loign\u00e9e. Il ne suit pas les recommandations SQL et se montre tr\u00e8s permissif quant aux requ\u00eates SQL.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mais si <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/mysql-tout-comprendre\">MySQL<\/a> est si populaire, c\u2019est parce qu\u2019il a plusieurs cordes \u00e0 son arc. Notamment sa robustesse et sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 g\u00e9rer d\u2019\u00e9normes volumes de donn\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Bon \u00e0 savoir<\/strong><\/span> : \u00e0 l\u2019origine, MySQL \u00e9tait un SGBD open source. Mais depuis son rachat par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Oracle Corporation, il ne l\u2019est plus. Cela dit, si vous souhaitez la version open source, vous pouvez toujours utiliser sa copie, MariaDB, qui utilise la m\u00eame syntaxe SQL. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa6dcf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aa6dcf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Oracle Database<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-379f466 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"379f466\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Principalement <\/span><b>utilis\u00e9 par les grandes entreprises<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Oracle Database est aussi capable de traiter de grandes quantit\u00e9s de donn\u00e9es. Ce <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/bases-de-donnees-relationnelles\">syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es relationnelles<\/a> (SGBDR) est particuli\u00e8rement appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 pour sa comptabilit\u00e9 avec de nombreuses plateformes et applications, ses fonctionnalit\u00e9s d\u2019automatisation et son niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 optimal. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fd5e45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3fd5e45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-224250\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd3.jpg 900w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd3-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9615ebd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9615ebd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">PostgreSQL<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85ad2de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"85ad2de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce logiciel open source a longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 le SGBD des experts, car il \u00e9tait confin\u00e9 aux syst\u00e8mes d\u2019exploitation Linux. Mais progressivement<\/span>, <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/postgresql-tout-savoir\">PostgreSQL<\/a><b> tend \u00e0 gagner des parts de march\u00e9.\u00a0<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Comment ?\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il \u00e9volue tr\u00e8s rapidement ;\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il suit \u00e0 la lettre (ou presque) les recommandations du langage MySQL ;\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il est utilis\u00e9 par des entreprises innovantes, comme Instagram ou Spotify.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-542658b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"542658b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">MongoDB<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7f46ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b7f46ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/mongodb\">MongoDB<\/a> est un SGDB orient\u00e9 document. Il n\u2019est donc pas transposable aux<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> database relationnelles qui stockent leurs donn\u00e9es dans des tables structur\u00e9es. \u00c0 la place, MongoDB stocke ses donn\u00e9es dans des collections \u00e0 la structure flexible.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Autre particularit\u00e9 : MongoDB <\/span><b>n\u2019utilise pas le langage SQL,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mais le MongoDB Query Language (MQL) bas\u00e9 sur <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/javascript-tout-savoir\">JavaScript<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab7016c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab7016c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">SQLite<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e09d692 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e09d692\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sqlite-tout-savoir\">SQLite<\/a> fonctionne un peu diff\u00e9remment des autres SGBD puisqu\u2019il stocke toutes les bases de donn\u00e9es au m\u00eame endroit. Pour cette raison, il n\u2019est <\/span><b>pas capable de traiter d\u2019\u00e9normes volumes de datas.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ce syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es est plut\u00f4t pr\u00e9conis\u00e9 pour les bases de donn\u00e9es locales. D\u2019ailleurs, il est utilis\u00e9 pour stocker les donn\u00e9es des applications Android.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 l\u2019inverse, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle de l\u2019entreprise, SQLite manque de puissance pour traiter toutes les donn\u00e9es du serveur.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c97981d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c97981d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-224254\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd4.jpg 802w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd4-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd4-768x575.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71411a7 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"71411a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"\/formation-devops\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Ma\u00eetriser les principaux SGBD<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee56f47 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"ee56f47\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d00d7e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d00d7e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ma\u00eetrisez les SGBD avec DataScientest<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80e281c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"80e281c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u00eame si de nombreux experts data ou d\u00e9veloppeurs se sp\u00e9cialisent dans un SGBD, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable d\u2019en conna\u00eetre plusieurs. Et surtout, de <strong>ma\u00eetriser toutes les bases du langage SQL<\/strong> afin d\u2019\u00eatre capable d\u2019interagir avec les donn\u00e9es de n\u2019importe quel SGBD.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est justement possible avec DataScientest. En plus de vous initier aux principaux syst\u00e8mes de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es, <strong>nous vous enseignons les diff\u00e9rentes requ\u00eates SQL<\/strong> afin que vous soyez op\u00e9rationnel \u00e0 l\u2019issue de la formation. <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-devops-alternance\">D\u00e9couvrez notre programme<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a83d8b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"a83d8b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"D\u00e9finition SGBD\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Le SGBD (ou syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es) est un logiciel permettant aux utilisateurs finaux de manipuler les donn\u00e9es d\u2019une database. Par exemple, r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer, ajouter, modifier, compresser, extraire ou supprimer des donn\u00e9es. Sans SGBD, la base de donn\u00e9es n\u2019est pas fonctionnelle. En plus du data management, le SGBD fournit une vue centralis\u00e9e de ces donn\u00e9es.\"\r\n    }\r\n  },{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Les caract\u00e9ristiques du syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"\u00c9l\u00e9ment central du syst\u00e8me de base de donn\u00e9es, un bon SGBD doit respecter plusieurs exigences caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par l\u2019acronyme ACID, pour Atomicit\u00e9, Coh\u00e9rence, Isolation et Durabilit\u00e9.\"\r\n    }\r\n  },{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Les composants du SGBD\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"Le syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es est compos\u00e9 de plusieurs \u00e9l\u00e9ments fondamentaux indispensables au bon fonctionnement du logiciel, \u00e0 savoir : le dictionnaire de donn\u00e9es, le langage de d\u00e9finition des donn\u00e9es et le langage de manipulation des donn\u00e9es.\"\r\n    }\r\n  },{\r\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n    \"name\": \"Quels sont les principaux syst\u00e8mes de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es ?\",\r\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n      \"text\": \"MySQL, Oracle Database, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, SQLite\"\r\n    }\r\n  }]\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pour g\u00e9rer les donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9sentes au sein d\u2019une database, les utilisateurs ont besoin d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es. Cet outil est indispensable pour acc\u00e9der, traiter et lire les informations contenues dans la base de donn\u00e9es. Mais comment fonctionne-t-il ? Quels sont les principaux SGBD existant sur le march\u00e9 ? DataScientest r\u00e9pond \u00e0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":224229,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2494],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Bases de Donn\u00e9es (SGBD) : D\u00e9finition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Indispensable \u00e0 la gestion des donn\u00e9es, le SGBD permet aux utilisateurs finaux d\u2019acc\u00e9der, de manipuler et de lire les donn\u00e9es. Mode d\u2019emploi.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Bases de Donn\u00e9es (SGBD) : D\u00e9finition\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-17T06:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-01-12T15:44:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd_datascientest.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Margalith Mamou\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Margalith Mamou\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir\",\"name\":\"Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Bases de Donn\u00e9es (SGBD) : D\u00e9finition\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-17T06:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-01-12T15:44:39+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/1c2cce73f7edd34162d45b93c92adb00\"},\"description\":\"Indispensable \u00e0 la gestion des donn\u00e9es, le SGBD permet aux utilisateurs finaux d\u2019acc\u00e9der, de manipuler et de lire les donn\u00e9es. Mode d\u2019emploi.\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/\",\"name\":\"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com\",\"description\":\"Leader de la formation en Data Science\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/1c2cce73f7edd34162d45b93c92adb00\",\"name\":\"Margalith Mamou\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Margalith.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Margalith.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Margalith Mamou\"},\"description\":\"Margalith Mamou est Product Manager chez DataScientest, apr\u00e8s avoir occup\u00e9 le poste de Chef de projet Web pendant plus d'un an au sein de la m\u00eame entreprise. Auparavant, elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 D\u00e9veloppeur web pendant pr\u00e8s de 3 ans. Margalith est dipl\u00f4m\u00e9e du Digital College et de l'Institut F2I, avec une sp\u00e9cialisation en gestion du Web et design digital marketing.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/margalith-mamou-a2869919b\/\",\"user\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/author\/margalith\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Bases de Donn\u00e9es (SGBD) : D\u00e9finition","description":"Indispensable \u00e0 la gestion des donn\u00e9es, le SGBD permet aux utilisateurs finaux d\u2019acc\u00e9der, de manipuler et de lire les donn\u00e9es. Mode d\u2019emploi.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Bases de Donn\u00e9es (SGBD) : D\u00e9finition","og_url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir","og_site_name":"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com","article_published_time":"2024-01-17T06:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-01-12T15:44:39+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sgbd_datascientest.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Margalith Mamou","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Margalith Mamou","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir","name":"Syst\u00e8me de Gestion de Bases de Donn\u00e9es (SGBD) : D\u00e9finition","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-01-17T06:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-01-12T15:44:39+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/1c2cce73f7edd34162d45b93c92adb00"},"description":"Indispensable \u00e0 la gestion des donn\u00e9es, le SGBD permet aux utilisateurs finaux d\u2019acc\u00e9der, de manipuler et de lire les donn\u00e9es. Mode d\u2019emploi.","inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sgbd-tout-savoir"]}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/","name":"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com","description":"Leader de la formation en Data Science","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/1c2cce73f7edd34162d45b93c92adb00","name":"Margalith Mamou","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Margalith.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Margalith.jpg","caption":"Margalith Mamou"},"description":"Margalith Mamou est Product Manager chez DataScientest, apr\u00e8s avoir occup\u00e9 le poste de Chef de projet Web pendant plus d'un an au sein de la m\u00eame entreprise. Auparavant, elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 D\u00e9veloppeur web pendant pr\u00e8s de 3 ans. Margalith est dipl\u00f4m\u00e9e du Digital College et de l'Institut F2I, avec une sp\u00e9cialisation en gestion du Web et design digital marketing.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/margalith-mamou-a2869919b\/","user"],"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/author\/margalith"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224227"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=224227"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224227\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/224229"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=224227"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=224227"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=224227"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}