{"id":256120,"date":"2024-11-19T06:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T06:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=256120"},"modified":"2024-11-12T13:04:33","modified_gmt":"2024-11-12T13:04:33","slug":"data-access-object-tout-savoir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir","title":{"rendered":"Data Access Object (DAO) : Qu&rsquo;est-ce que c&rsquo;est ? \u00c0 quoi \u00e7a sert ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"256120\" class=\"elementor elementor-256120\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd7565b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"fd7565b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daab895 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"daab895\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Les Data Access Object ou DAO est un mod\u00e8le de conception (design pattern) qui permet d\u2019abstraire les interactions entre une application et une base de donn\u00e9es. D\u00e9couvrez son fonctionnement, et pourquoi il reste pertinent dans les architectures modernes !<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96315b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96315b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les applications informatiques g\u00e8rent des volumes de donn\u00e9es de plus en plus importants. Par cons\u00e9quent, la mani\u00e8re dont ces donn\u00e9es sont stock\u00e9es, acc\u00e9d\u00e9es et manipul\u00e9es devient capitale pour <strong>la performance et la maintenabilit\u00e9 des syst\u00e8mes<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Or, bien qu\u2019elle soit courante, la connexion directe aux bases de donn\u00e9es pose de nombreux d\u00e9fis en termes de <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">, de <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">flexibilit\u00e9<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> et de <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">maintenance<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Afin de rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 ce probl\u00e8me, un mod\u00e8le est utilis\u00e9 dans divers environnements pour simplifier l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es et faciliter la gestion des changements futurs : le Data Access Object ou DAO.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf6bae9 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"bf6bae9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Tout savoir sur le DAO<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90ecd6c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"90ecd6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a283789 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a283789\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Un mod\u00e8le pour structurer et isoler l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fec8312 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fec8312\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce mod\u00e8le de conception vise \u00e0 s\u00e9parer la logique m\u00e9tier de l\u2019application des op\u00e9rations li\u00e9es \u00e0 la <strong>persistance des donn\u00e9es<\/strong>.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">En d\u2019autres termes, il permet de centraliser et d\u2019abstraire les interactions avec une base de donn\u00e9es, en fournissant une <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">interface coh\u00e9rente pour manipuler les donn\u00e9es<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> sans que l\u2019application ait besoin de conna\u00eetre les d\u00e9tails de la base sous-jacente.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le DAO agit donc comme une <strong>couche interm\u00e9diaire entre l\u2019application et la base de donn\u00e9es<\/strong>. Plut\u00f4t que d\u2019effectuer directement des <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/cinq-requetes-sql-a-connaitre\">requ\u00eates SQL<\/a> dans l\u2019application, cette derni\u00e8re fait appel \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes pr\u00e9d\u00e9finies.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est ce qui lui <strong>permet de lire, d\u2019\u00e9crire, de modifier ou de supprimer des donn\u00e9es.<\/strong> Cette abstraction r\u00e9duit le couplage entre la base de donn\u00e9es et la logique m\u00e9tier, rendant le code plus facile \u00e0 maintenir et \u00e0 faire \u00e9voluer.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Dans les applications multicouches, o\u00f9 la s\u00e9paration des responsabilit\u00e9s est essentielle, le DAO s\u2019int\u00e8gre parfaitement dans la <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">couche d\u2019acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ainsi, il permet \u00e0 <strong>la couche de m\u00e9tier<\/strong> de fonctionner ind\u00e9pendamment des choix techniques concernant la persistance des donn\u00e9es comme le type de base ou la technologie utilis\u00e9e.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Lorsque l&rsquo;application doit \u00e9voluer pour supporter diff\u00e9rentes bases de donn\u00e9es ou migrer d\u2019une technologie \u00e0 une autre sans impacter la logique m\u00e9tier, cela devient tout simplement crucial.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce mod\u00e8le est particuli\u00e8rement utilis\u00e9 dans des environnements comme <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/langage-java-tout-savoir\">Java<\/a> (avec JDBC ou JPA) et dans d\u2019autres frameworks orient\u00e9s objet comme <strong>.NET<\/strong> et <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/python-tout-savoir\">Python<\/a> avec <strong>SQLAlchemy<\/strong>. Pour cause, il fournit une mani\u00e8re standardis\u00e9e et maintenable de g\u00e9rer l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd4b908 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cd4b908\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-3.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-256164\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-3.webp 1000w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-3-300x171.webp 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-3-768x439.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a85715d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"a85715d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0650d20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0650d20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quels sont les avantages du DAO ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ed8ca0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ed8ca0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019utilisation du Data Access Object offre <strong>plusieurs b\u00e9n\u00e9fices<\/strong>, particuli\u00e8rement dans les architectures logicielles multicouches et complexes.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">L\u2019un de ses grands points forts est la <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">s\u00e9paration claire entre la logique m\u00e9tier et la gestion des donn\u00e9es<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">. Les m\u00e9thodes de persistance des donn\u00e9es, comme les requ\u00eates SQL ou les connexions \u00e0 une base de donn\u00e9es, sont encapsul\u00e9es dans le DAO.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ceci permet \u00e0 la logique m\u00e9tier de rester ind\u00e9pendante des d\u00e9tails d\u2019impl\u00e9mentation. La clart\u00e9 et la maintenabilit\u00e9 du code s\u2019en trouvent am\u00e9lior\u00e9es, surtout lorsque la base de donn\u00e9es \u00e9volue.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">En outre, avec un DAO, les <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">modifications<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> apport\u00e9es \u00e0 la base de donn\u00e9es (changement de type de base, ajustements dans la structure des tables\u2026) peuvent \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sans impacter directement la couche m\u00e9tier.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Par exemple, si une entreprise d\u00e9cide de migrer d\u2019une base de donn\u00e9es <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/sql-vs-nosql-differences-utilisations-avantages-et-inconvenients\">SQL \u00e0 NoSQL<\/a>, seule <strong>la couche DAO<\/strong> devra \u00eatre adapt\u00e9e. Ceci limite les risques d\u2019erreurs et les co\u00fbts de maintenance.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Ce mod\u00e8le permet \u00e9galement de <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">rendre le code plus portable<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">. Il facilite le remplacement d\u2019une base de donn\u00e9es par une autre, par exemple pour passer de <\/span><a style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align); background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/mysql-vs-postgresql\">MySQL \u00e0 PostgreSQL<\/a><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il simplifie aussi l\u2019adaptation du syst\u00e8me pour qu\u2019il <strong>fonctionne avec plusieurs bases de donn\u00e9es en parall\u00e8le<\/strong>, tout en garantissant que la couche m\u00e9tier reste inchang\u00e9e.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">En isolant les op\u00e9rations de persistance dans le DAO, il devient aussi plus simple de tester la logique m\u00e9tier ind\u00e9pendamment de la base de donn\u00e9es.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">mocks<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> ou des <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">doubles de tests<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">, les d\u00e9veloppeurs peuvent valider les comportements de la couche m\u00e9tier sans avoir \u00e0 d\u00e9pendre d\u2019une base de donn\u00e9es r\u00e9elle.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bb565f elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4bb565f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Se former au DAO<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37f3126 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"37f3126\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca0acb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ca0acb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comprendre le fonctionnement du Data Access Object<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30aa640 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30aa640\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le DAO repose sur un mod\u00e8le simple, mais efficace. L\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la base de donn\u00e9es est standardis\u00e9 \u00e0 travers une s\u00e9rie de m\u00e9thodes g\u00e9n\u00e9riques ou sp\u00e9cifiques.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Il utilise des <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">m\u00e9thodes CRUD<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> (Create, Read, Update, Delete) pour interagir avec la base de donn\u00e9es. Chaque m\u00e9thode impl\u00e9mente une requ\u00eate ou une op\u00e9ration sp\u00e9cifique sur les donn\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ainsi, \u00ab create() \u00bb permet d\u2019ins\u00e9rer de nouvelles donn\u00e9es, \u00ab read() \u00bb sert \u00e0 r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer des donn\u00e9es selon certains crit\u00e8res, \u00ab update() \u00bb modifie les donn\u00e9es existantes, et \u00ab delete() \u00bb supprime des donn\u00e9es.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Ces m\u00e9thodes sont d\u00e9finies dans l\u2019interface DAO, puis impl\u00e9ment\u00e9es dans une <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">classe<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> concr\u00e8te qui g\u00e8re la connexion et l\u2019ex\u00e9cution des requ\u00eates dans la base de donn\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6fb3fb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"f6fb3fb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd87473 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd87473\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Java, Python, .NET\u2026 le DAO dans diff\u00e9rents environnements<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e2381c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e2381c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le Data Access Object a prouv\u00e9 son utilit\u00e9 dans de nombreux environnements de d\u00e9veloppement, chaque langage et framework apportant ses propres outils pour impl\u00e9menter ce mod\u00e8le de conception.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">En Java, il est couramment utilis\u00e9 avec des outils comme <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> ou <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">JPA (Java Persistence API)<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avec JDBC, le DAO g\u00e8re les requ\u00eates SQL directement. Ce mod\u00e8le est utile pour des syst\u00e8mes simples n\u00e9cessitant un <strong>contr\u00f4le pr\u00e9cis sur les interactions avec la base de donn\u00e9es<\/strong>, et permet une connexion directe.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, JPA propose une abstraction plus pouss\u00e9e via l\u2019<\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">ORM (Object-Relational Mapping)<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">. Le DAO manipule des objets Java qui sont mapp\u00e9s directement aux tables de la base de donn\u00e9es, ce qui simplifie le code.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-108ac6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"108ac6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-4.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-256165\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-4.webp 1000w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-4-300x171.webp 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-4-768x439.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5b15d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5b15d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les op\u00e9rations CRUD sont simplifi\u00e9es gr\u00e2ce aux annotations et \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation d\u2019entit\u00e9s persistantes. Par exemple, <strong>@Entity<\/strong> et <strong>@Id<\/strong> sont des annotations courantes qui rendent le DAO plus intuitif et align\u00e9 avec la logique orient\u00e9e objet.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Dans l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me Python, le framework SQLAlchemy est souvent utilis\u00e9 pour cr\u00e9er des DAOs. Il offre les avantages d\u2019un ORM, et laisse la flexibilit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9crire des <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">requ\u00eates SQL personnalis\u00e9es<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ainsi, les DAO peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour manipuler des objets Python et g\u00e9rer les connexions \u00e0 la base de donn\u00e9es et les transactions de mani\u00e8re transparente.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Les m\u00e9thodes CRUD sont simplifi\u00e9es, et les DAO deviennent de puissantes interfaces pour communiquer avec diff\u00e9rentes bases de donn\u00e9es sans d\u00e9pendre d\u2019une impl\u00e9mentation sp\u00e9cifique.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans le cadre de .NET, le choix privil\u00e9gi\u00e9 pour impl\u00e9menter un Data Access Object est <strong>Entity Framework<\/strong>. Il propose un ORM robuste, permettant aux d\u00e9veloppeurs de travailler directement avec des objets .NET.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">La gestion des bases de donn\u00e9es relationnelles s\u2019en trouve simplifi\u00e9e. Les DAO cr\u00e9\u00e9s avec ce framework utilisent <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">LINQ (Language Integrated Query)<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> pour effectuer des requ\u00eates sur des objets, rendant les op\u00e9rations plus intuitives et en accord avec la logique orient\u00e9e objet.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avec la mont\u00e9e en popularit\u00e9 des <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/nosql-tout-savoir\">bases de donn\u00e9es NoSQL<\/a> comme <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/mongodb\">MongoDB<\/a> ou <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/apache-cassandra\">Cassandra<\/a>, les DAO doivent aussi s\u2019adapter \u00e0 des mod\u00e8les de donn\u00e9es non relationnels.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Le concept reste similaire, mais les <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">DAO NoSQL<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> g\u00e8rent souvent des documents ou des collections au lieu de tables relationnelles. Ils permettent aussi une abstraction des op\u00e9rations de lecture\/\u00e9criture.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49a7df2 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"49a7df2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Ma\u00eetriser enti\u00e8rement le DAO<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e838b2d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"e838b2d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3811c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a3811c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Un mod\u00e8le qui pr\u00e9sente des limites<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fd974f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8fd974f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u00eame si le DAO est largement utilis\u00e9, il pr\u00e9sente certaines limitations pouvant l\u2019amener \u00e0 \u00eatre critiqu\u00e9 dans des contextes sp\u00e9cifiques.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Pour les applications tr\u00e8s simples, l\u2019utilisation d\u2019un Data Access Object peut introduire une complexit\u00e9 inutile. La cr\u00e9ation d\u2019une couche DAO distincte peut <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">alourdir la gestion dans des syst\u00e8mes o\u00f9 l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es est limit\u00e9 et les changements rares<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans ces cas, des approches plus directes peuvent \u00eatre pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9es. On peut par exemple se tourner vers l\u2019utilisation d\u2019Active Record.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Par ailleurs, m\u00eame s\u2019il fournit une abstraction, le DAO peut parfois entra\u00eener un couplage fort avec un framework de persistance sp\u00e9cifique. Par exemple, dans une application Java utilisant JPA, il devient d\u00e9pendant des entit\u00e9s JPA et de l\u2019ORM sous-jacent.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En cas de changement d\u2019outil ou de migration vers un autre framework de persistance, la flexibilit\u00e9 devient alors limit\u00e9e et ceci peut poser probl\u00e8me.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Face \u00e0 ces points faibles, des mod\u00e8les de conception plus modernes sont souvent consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme une \u00e9volution du DAO.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est le cas du <strong>Repository Pattern<\/strong>, qui permet une meilleure int\u00e9gration avec des architectures orient\u00e9es domaine (DDD ou Domain-Driven Design). Il offre une interface plus riche, et encapsule des r\u00e8gles m\u00e9tier complexes.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans certains environnements, le pattern <strong>Active Record<\/strong> est privil\u00e9gi\u00e9. Les objets m\u00e9tiers portent alors la responsabilit\u00e9 de persister leurs donn\u00e9es, rendant parfois le DAO superflu.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Malgr\u00e9 sa puissance et sa popularit\u00e9, le DAO doit donc \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9 avec discernement en fonction de la complexit\u00e9 du projet et de l\u2019environnement technologique.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a84871 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9a84871\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-2.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-256160\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-2.webp 1000w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-2-300x171.webp 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-2-768x439.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dc6f7d e-con-full e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"8dc6f7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1eebf8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1eebf8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tendances et futures du Data Access Object<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5c14b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5c14b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avec l\u2019apparition de nouvelles architectures et face aux avanc\u00e9es technologiques, le mod\u00e8le DAO \u00e9volue et s\u2019adapte.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">L\u2019\u00e9mergence des architectures en microservices a profond\u00e9ment chang\u00e9 la mani\u00e8re dont les donn\u00e9es sont g\u00e9r\u00e9es. Chaque microservice dispose souvent de sa propre base, ce qui signifie que les DAO doivent <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">g\u00e9rer plusieurs connexions et int\u00e9grer des transactions distribu\u00e9es<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cela complexifie la gestion des acc\u00e8s, mais renforce \u00e9galement le besoin d&rsquo;abstraction fourni par le DAO. Il facilite la communication entre les diff\u00e9rentes bases de donn\u00e9es et maintient une structure coh\u00e9rente.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les <strong>architectures serverless<\/strong> gagnent elles aussi en popularit\u00e9, et les DAO doivent y \u00eatre encore plus l\u00e9gers et r\u00e9actifs puisqu\u2019ils s\u2019ex\u00e9cutent de mani\u00e8re \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">De m\u00eame, la demande croissante pour des <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">syst\u00e8mes de traitement de donn\u00e9es en temps r\u00e9el<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">, comme les solutions streaming ou event-driven, impose au DAO de s\u2019adapter et modifie la mani\u00e8re dont il est impl\u00e9ment\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans ces environnements, les donn\u00e9es ne sont plus simplement extraites de mani\u00e8re statique, mais <strong>doivent \u00eatre trait\u00e9es en temps r\u00e9el<\/strong>. Par exemple, les bases de donn\u00e9es comme <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/apache-kafka\">Apache Kakfa<\/a> ou <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/redis-tout-savoir\">Redis<\/a> n\u00e9cessitent une approche diff\u00e9rente pour g\u00e9rer l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux flux continus de donn\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b2d415 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4b2d415\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Approndir sur le DAO<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-222b371 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"222b371\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les progr\u00e8s de <strong>l\u2019IA et l\u2019automatisation<\/strong> influencent aussi le d\u00e9veloppement de DAO intelligents. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/intelligence-artificielle-definition\">l\u2019intelligence artificielle<\/a>, certains DAO sont capables d&rsquo;optimiser automatiquement les requ\u00eates de bases de donn\u00e9es en fonction des mod\u00e8les d&rsquo;utilisation et de la charge du syst\u00e8me.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/mlflow-tout-savoir\">les environnements de machine learning<\/a>, les DAO doivent aussi g\u00e9rer de grandes quantit\u00e9s de donn\u00e9es complexes pour alimenter les algorithmes et rester performants.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Avec l\u2019\u00e9volution des bases de donn\u00e9es autonomes comme <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Oracle Autonomous Database<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">, on peut d\u2019ailleurs s\u2019attendre \u00e0 ce que les DAO automatisent certaines de leurs fonctions.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019optimisation des requ\u00eates, la gestion des transactions et la r\u00e9partition de la charge sur plusieurs bases de donn\u00e9es pourraient \u00eatre largement d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9es \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes intelligents.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Une autre tendance est celle des solutions d\u2019<\/span><a style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align); background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/apis-graphql-tout-savoir\">API comme GraphQL<\/a><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">, de plus en plus adopt\u00e9es par les d\u00e9veloppeurs. Elles permettent <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">une plus grande flexibilit\u00e9 dans la mani\u00e8re d\u2019interroger les donn\u00e9es<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour s\u2019aligner avec ces interfaces modernes, les DAO doivent offrir des points d\u2019<strong>acc\u00e8s plus dynamiques<\/strong> et permettre aux clients de sp\u00e9cifier exactement quelles donn\u00e9es sont n\u00e9cessaires au lieu de suivre un sch\u00e9ma rigide d\u2019interrogation.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83ddc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b83ddc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-256159\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-1.webp 1000w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-1-300x171.webp 300w, https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest-1-768x439.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bfaff6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"4bfaff6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-994cf44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"994cf44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion : Data Access Object, un pilier toujours essentiel pour la gestion de donn\u00e9es<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59c23e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59c23e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En assurant une s\u00e9paration nette entre la logique m\u00e9tier et l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es, le <strong>DAO<\/strong> offre de nombreux avantages en termes de maintenabilit\u00e9, de portabilit\u00e9 et de testabilit\u00e9.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Voil\u00e0 pourquoi il demeure un <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">mod\u00e8le de conception fondamentale<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> pour la gestion des donn\u00e9es dans des environnements logiciels vari\u00e9s tels que Python, Java ou .NET !<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Malgr\u00e9 les r\u00e9centes \u00e9volutions technologiques comme les architectures microservices, les bases de donn\u00e9es en temps r\u00e9el et les solutions serverless, ce mod\u00e8le continue de s\u2019adapter et conserve sa pertinence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afin de ma\u00eetriser Data Access Object, vous pouvez <strong>choisir DataScientest<\/strong>. Nos formations vous permettront de d\u00e9couvrir tous les concepts, outils et technologies requis pour <strong>travailler dans le domaine de la Data Science<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nous proposons notamment des <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/devenir-data-scientist-comment-faire\">cursus de Data Scientist<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/devenir-data-analyst-guide\">Data Analyst<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/reussir-reconversion-en-data-engineer\">Data Engineer<\/a>. Vous apprendrez aussi \u00e0 manier les bases de donn\u00e9es, <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-datavisualisation\">la DataViz<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-langage-python\">le langage Python<\/a>, les techniques d\u2019analyse de donn\u00e9es ou encore <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-business-intelligence\">la Business Intelligence<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 la fin du parcours, vous recevrez un dipl\u00f4me reconnu par l\u2019\u00c9tat, un <strong>certificat de formation continue<\/strong> et une <strong>certification professionnelle<\/strong> d\u00e9livr\u00e9e par nos partenaires fournisseurs de cloud comme <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-aws\">AWS<\/a> ou <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-microsoft-azure\/dp-203\">Microsoft Azure<\/a>.<\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">Toutes nos formations s\u2019effectuent en <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/definition-bootcamp\" style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">BootCamp<\/a><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/apprentissage-continu-tout-savoir\" style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">continu<\/a><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> ou <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-alternance\" style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">alternance<\/a><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> et <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/cpf-definition-utlisation\" style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">notre organisme est \u00e9ligible au financement via CPF<\/a><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\"> ou France Travail. <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; text-align: var(--text-align);\">D\u00e9couvrez DataScientest !<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5de24b8 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5de24b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">S'inscrire \u00e0 la formation sur DataScientest<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-991bdca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"991bdca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vous savez tout sur DAO. Pour plus d\u2019informations sur le m\u00eame sujet, d\u00e9couvrez <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/base-de-donnees-definition\">notre dossier complet sur les bases de donn\u00e9es<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-architecture\">notre dossier sur la Data Architecture<\/a> !<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b77beb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con\" data-id=\"8b77beb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-777b59e elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"777b59e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n{\r\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\r\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\r\n  \"mainEntity\": [\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"Qu'est-ce qu'un Data Access Object (DAO) ?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Un Data Access Object (DAO) est un design pattern qui fournit une interface pour interagir avec des bases de donn\u00e9es ou d'autres sources de donn\u00e9es sans exposer directement la logique d'acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es dans le code de l'application.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"Pourquoi utiliser le mod\u00e8le Data Access Object (DAO) ?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Le mod\u00e8le DAO permet de s\u00e9parer la logique d'acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es de la logique m\u00e9tier, rendant le code plus modulaire, r\u00e9utilisable et facile \u00e0 maintenir, en particulier dans les grandes applications.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"Quels sont les avantages du mod\u00e8le Data Access Object (DAO) ?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Les avantages du mod\u00e8le DAO incluent une meilleure s\u00e9paration des pr\u00e9occupations, une r\u00e9duction de la duplication de code, une facilit\u00e9 de maintenance et une flexibilit\u00e9 accrue pour changer la source de donn\u00e9es sans impacter la logique m\u00e9tier.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"Comment impl\u00e9menter un Data Access Object (DAO) en Java ?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Pour impl\u00e9menter un DAO en Java, on cr\u00e9e une interface qui d\u00e9finit les m\u00e9thodes d'acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es (comme find, save, update, delete), puis une classe concr\u00e8te qui r\u00e9alise ces m\u00e9thodes en interagissant avec la base de donn\u00e9es, souvent via JDBC ou des frameworks ORM comme Hibernate.\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"Quelles sont les alternatives au mod\u00e8le DAO ?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Des alternatives au mod\u00e8le DAO incluent les Repository et Service patterns, qui peuvent offrir des niveaux de modularit\u00e9 et de testabilit\u00e9 similaires pour l'acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es, en particulier dans les architectures modernes comme le DDD (Domain-Driven Design).\"\r\n      }\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\r\n      \"name\": \"Le mod\u00e8le DAO est-il encore pertinent avec les frameworks modernes ?\",\r\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\r\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\r\n        \"text\": \"Oui, le mod\u00e8le DAO reste pertinent car il permet d'abstraire l'acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es, ce qui est particuli\u00e8rement utile dans les grandes applications o\u00f9 l'interaction avec la source de donn\u00e9es est complexe. Les frameworks modernes peuvent cependant int\u00e9grer des approches similaires, comme les Repository, pour offrir des fonctionnalit\u00e9s avanc\u00e9es et la flexibilit\u00e9 du DAO.\"\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n  ]\r\n}\r\n<\/script>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les Data Access Object ou DAO est un mod\u00e8le de conception (design pattern) qui permet d\u2019abstraire les interactions entre une application et une base de donn\u00e9es. D\u00e9couvrez son fonctionnement, et pourquoi il reste pertinent dans les architectures modernes ! Les applications informatiques g\u00e8rent des volumes de donn\u00e9es de plus en plus importants. Par cons\u00e9quent, la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":256122,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2497],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Data Access Object (DAO) : Qu&#039;est-ce que c&#039;est ? \u00c0 quoi \u00e7a sert ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00e9couvrez le concept de Data Access Object (DAO) : d\u00e9finition, r\u00f4le dans l&#039;architecture logicielle, avantages et exemples d&#039;impl\u00e9mentation.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Data Access Object (DAO) : Qu&#039;est-ce que c&#039;est ? \u00c0 quoi \u00e7a sert ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-19T06:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-12T13:04:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir\",\"name\":\"Data Access Object (DAO) : Qu'est-ce que c'est ? \u00c0 quoi \u00e7a sert ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-19T06:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-12T13:04:33+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/7af2361c48e24e79a8aa2360e6e74925\"},\"description\":\"D\u00e9couvrez le concept de Data Access Object (DAO) : d\u00e9finition, r\u00f4le dans l'architecture logicielle, avantages et exemples d'impl\u00e9mentation.\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/\",\"name\":\"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com\",\"description\":\"Leader de la formation en Data Science\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/7af2361c48e24e79a8aa2360e6e74925\",\"name\":\"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/jeremyrobert.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/jeremyrobert.jpeg\",\"caption\":\"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert\"},\"description\":\"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert est actuellement Directeur p\u00e9dagogique B2B chez DataScientest.com. Avant de rejoindre DataScientest, il a travaill\u00e9 en tant que Consultant Business Intelligence chez DEAPDATA, o\u00f9 il a g\u00e9r\u00e9 des projets dans les domaines de l'assurance, bancaire et industrie. Il a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 Co-fondateur et pr\u00e9sident de Tripzer. En tant que consultant ind\u00e9pendant, J\u00e9r\u00e9my a propos\u00e9 des formations sur MicroStrategy pour divers niveaux professionnels. Il est dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 de l'Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9 avec un Master MIAGE, combinant comp\u00e9tences en informatique et gestion.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/jeremyrobert1\/\",\"Data Science\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/author\/jeremyrobert\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Data Access Object (DAO) : Qu'est-ce que c'est ? \u00c0 quoi \u00e7a sert ?","description":"D\u00e9couvrez le concept de Data Access Object (DAO) : d\u00e9finition, r\u00f4le dans l'architecture logicielle, avantages et exemples d'impl\u00e9mentation.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Data Access Object (DAO) : Qu'est-ce que c'est ? \u00c0 quoi \u00e7a sert ?","og_url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir","og_site_name":"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com","article_published_time":"2024-11-19T06:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-11-12T13:04:33+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/data-access-object-datascientest.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"author":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"12 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir","name":"Data Access Object (DAO) : Qu'est-ce que c'est ? \u00c0 quoi \u00e7a sert ?","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-11-19T06:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-12T13:04:33+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/7af2361c48e24e79a8aa2360e6e74925"},"description":"D\u00e9couvrez le concept de Data Access Object (DAO) : d\u00e9finition, r\u00f4le dans l'architecture logicielle, avantages et exemples d'impl\u00e9mentation.","inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/datascientest.com\/data-access-object-tout-savoir"]}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/","name":"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com","description":"Leader de la formation en Data Science","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/7af2361c48e24e79a8aa2360e6e74925","name":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/jeremyrobert.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/jeremyrobert.jpeg","caption":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert"},"description":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my Robert est actuellement Directeur p\u00e9dagogique B2B chez DataScientest.com. Avant de rejoindre DataScientest, il a travaill\u00e9 en tant que Consultant Business Intelligence chez DEAPDATA, o\u00f9 il a g\u00e9r\u00e9 des projets dans les domaines de l'assurance, bancaire et industrie. Il a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 Co-fondateur et pr\u00e9sident de Tripzer. En tant que consultant ind\u00e9pendant, J\u00e9r\u00e9my a propos\u00e9 des formations sur MicroStrategy pour divers niveaux professionnels. Il est dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 de l'Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9 avec un Master MIAGE, combinant comp\u00e9tences en informatique et gestion.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/jeremyrobert1\/","Data Science"],"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/author\/jeremyrobert"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/256120"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=256120"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/256120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":256627,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/256120\/revisions\/256627"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/256122"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=256120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=256120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=256120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}