{"id":70612,"date":"2021-06-18T08:50:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-18T07:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?p=70612"},"modified":"2023-11-09T14:07:03","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T14:07:03","slug":"keras","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras","title":{"rendered":"Keras : tout savoir sur l&rsquo;API de Deep Learning"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"70612\" class=\"elementor elementor-70612\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b94483 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b94483\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0e07ed4\" data-id=\"0e07ed4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbe413f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bbe413f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keras est l'une des principales APIs de r\u00e9seaux de neurones Deep Learning. D\u00e9couvrez tout ce que ce qu'il y a \u00e0 savoir sur Keras dans cet article.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-85707d4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"85707d4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c853cd9\" data-id=\"c853cd9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec384b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec384b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Les<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/deep-neural-network\">r\u00e9seaux de neurones Deep Learning <\/a><\/strong>sont de plus en plus utilis\u00e9s. Toutefois, les principaux <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/quest-ce-quun-framework\">frameworks<\/a> sont souvent complexes et emp\u00eachent de nombreux d\u00e9veloppeurs de se lancer dans l&rsquo;apprentissage profond et l&rsquo;intelligence artificielle.<\/p><p>Afin de rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 ce probl\u00e8me, <strong>plusieurs APIs de haut niveau simplifi\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9es<\/strong>. Elles permettent de cr\u00e9er des mod\u00e8les de r\u00e9seaux de neurones plus facilement. Parmi ces APIs, la plus populaire est sans doute Keras.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9efd32d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9efd32d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac24e7a\" data-id=\"ac24e7a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b3df3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b3df3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qu'est-ce que Keras ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-193dae8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"193dae8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-75e3c50\" data-id=\"75e3c50\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-217c3ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"217c3ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Keras est<strong> une API de r\u00e9seau de neurones \u00e9crite en langage Python<\/strong>. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une biblioth\u00e8que Open Source, ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e par-dessus des frameworks tels que Theano et <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/tensorflow\">TensorFlow.<\/a><\/p><p>Con\u00e7ue pour \u00eatre<strong> modulaire, rapide et simple d&rsquo;utilisation<\/strong>, Keras a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e par l&rsquo;ing\u00e9nieur Fran\u00e7ois Chollet de Google. Elle offre une fa\u00e7on simple et intuitive de cr\u00e9er des mod\u00e8les de Deep Learning.<\/p><p>Aujourd&rsquo;hui, Keras est<strong> l&rsquo;une des APIs de r\u00e9seaux de neurones les plus utilis\u00e9es<\/strong> pour le d\u00e9veloppement et le testing de r\u00e9seaux de neurones. Elle permet de cr\u00e9er tr\u00e8s facilement des \u00a0\u00bb layers \u00a0\u00bb pour les Neural Networks ou de mettre en place des architectures complexes.<\/p><p>Un Mod\u00e8le Keras est constitu\u00e9 <strong>d&rsquo;une s\u00e9quence ou d&rsquo;un graphique ind\u00e9pendant<\/strong>. Il existe plusieurs modules enti\u00e8rement configurables et pouvant \u00eatre combin\u00e9s pour cr\u00e9er de nouveaux mod\u00e8les.<\/p><p>L&rsquo;un des avantages de cette modularit\u00e9 est qu&rsquo;il est <strong>tr\u00e8s facile d&rsquo;ajouter de nouvelles fonctionnalit\u00e9s<\/strong> sous forme de modules s\u00e9par\u00e9s. Keras est donc tr\u00e8s flexible, et adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 la recherche et \u00e0 l&rsquo;innovation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8fec9e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8fec9e2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-337d7de\" data-id=\"337d7de\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3131eb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3131eb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cheat Sheet Keras :<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca11eb0 elementor-hidden-phone elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"ca11eb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div data-scroll-on-click=\"no\" data-scroll-speed=\"300\" id=\"eael-advance-tabs-ca11eb0\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-vertical eael-tab-auto-active \" data-tabid=\"ca11eb0\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"eael-tab-inline-icon\" role=\"tablist\">\n                                            <li id=\"modles-de-base-preprocessing\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"modles-de-base-preprocessing-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                        \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Mod\u00e8les de base &amp; Preprocessing<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"fonctions-mtriques\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"fonctions-mtriques-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                        \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Fonctions &amp; M\u00e9triques<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"modles-de-base-preprocessing-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"modles-de-base-preprocessing-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/CheatSheet_Keras_Modele_Base.pdf\">CheatSheet_Keras_Modele_Base<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"fonctions-mtriques-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"fonctions-mtriques-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p><a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/CheatSheet_Keras_Fonctions_Metrique.pdf\">CheatSheet_Keras_Fonctions_Metrique<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e52b6d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e52b6d8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c4be797\" data-id=\"c4be797\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a99a167 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a99a167\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les caract\u00e9ristiques de Keras<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d49883 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d49883\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-999b2fe\" data-id=\"999b2fe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ef5d27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ef5d27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Keras est con\u00e7u pour \u00eatre <strong>intuitif, modulaire, facile \u00e0 \u00e9tendre<\/strong>, et pour fonctionner avec Python. Selon ses cr\u00e9ateurs, cette API est \u00a0\u00bb con\u00e7ue pour les \u00eatres humains, et non pour les machines \u00a0\u00bb et \u00a0\u00bb suit les meilleures pratiques pour r\u00e9duire la charge cognitive \u00ab\u00a0.<\/p><p>Il est possible de <strong>combiner des modules de layers<\/strong> de neurones, des optimiseurs, des sch\u00e9mas d&rsquo;initialisation, des fonctions d&rsquo;activation ou des sch\u00e9mas de r\u00e9gularisation pour cr\u00e9er de nouveaux modules.<\/p><p>Les <strong>nouveaux modules sont tr\u00e8s simples \u00e0 ajouter<\/strong>, \u00e0 l&rsquo;instar de nouvelles classes et fonctions. Les mod\u00e8les sont d\u00e9finis dans le code Python et non dans des fichiers de configuration de mod\u00e8les s\u00e9par\u00e9s.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b43bc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"8b43bc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=G7WxP0dcPC8&amp;t=20s&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 02-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-video .elementor-widget-container{overflow:hidden;transform:translateZ(0)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{height:100%;width:100%;display:flex;border:none;background-color:#000}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-open-inline .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-size:cover;background-position:50%}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{cursor:pointer;text-align:center}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay:hover .elementor-custom-embed-play i{opacity:1}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{display:block;width:100%;aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio);-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;-o-object-position:center center;object-position:center center}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .e-hosted-video .elementor-video{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-video,.e-con>.elementor-widget-video{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6d4c3e8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6d4c3e8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ed6d71\" data-id=\"4ed6d71\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a458cd4 elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a458cd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data-engineer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Apprendre \u00e0 utiliser Keras<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-491a4dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"491a4dd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f57182\" data-id=\"0f57182\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd5f575 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd5f575\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pourquoi utiliser Keras ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a7f9f39 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a7f9f39\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-209b5b3\" data-id=\"209b5b3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e5d7e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e5d7e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La popularit\u00e9 de Keras est li\u00e9e \u00e0 ses avantages. Cette API est<strong> s<\/strong><strong>imple d&rsquo;utilisation, et il est facile d&rsquo;apprendre \u00e0 l&rsquo;utiliser<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Sa popularit\u00e9 en elle-m\u00eame est un avantage, puisqu&rsquo;elle est compatible avec de nombreuses options de d\u00e9ploiement en production. Au moins <strong>cinq moteurs back-end sont pris en charge<\/strong> : TensorFlow, CNTK, Theano, MXNet et PlaidML.<\/p><p>Elle supporte aussi <strong>l&rsquo;utilisation de multiples GPUs<\/strong> et l&rsquo;entra\u00eenement distribu\u00e9. En outre, cette biblioth\u00e8que est soutenue par Google, Microsoft, Amazon, Apple, Nvidia ou encore Uber.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c37deac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c37deac\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d71c6d4\" data-id=\"d71c6d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8f4d9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f8f4d9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les backends<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-481c78c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"481c78c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a12ef99\" data-id=\"a12ef99\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b065940 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b065940\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Keras <strong>ne se charge pas directement des op\u00e9rations de bas niveau<\/strong> comme les produits ou les convolutions de Tensor. Pour ce type de calcul, elle s&rsquo;appuie sur un moteur backend.<\/p><p>Plusieurs de ces moteurs sont compatibles, mais le plus utilis\u00e9 est <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/tensorflow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TensorFlow de Google<\/a>. L&rsquo;API Keras est d&rsquo;ailleurs packag\u00e9e avec TensorFlow sous la forme tf.keras. Depuis la version 2.0, il s&rsquo;agit de la principale API TensorFlow.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5dd292 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b5dd292\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e698ba\" data-id=\"3e698ba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d75cfa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d75cfa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les Mod\u00e8les Keras<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb49bc9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb49bc9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d330c43\" data-id=\"d330c43\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2025d17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2025d17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Mod\u00e8le est <strong>le coeur de la structure de donn\u00e9es de Keras<\/strong>. Il en existe deux principaux types : le mod\u00e8le S\u00e9quentiel et la classe Model utilis\u00e9e avec l&rsquo;API fonctionnelle.<\/p><p>Le Mod\u00e8le s\u00e9quentiel (Sequential) est <strong>une pile de layers lin\u00e9aire<\/strong>. Les layers peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9crites de fa\u00e7on tr\u00e8s simple. Chaque d\u00e9finition de layer requiert une ligne de code.<\/p><p>La <strong>compilation (la d\u00e9finition du processus d&rsquo;apprentissage)<\/strong> prend aussi une ligne de code. Le fitting (entra\u00eenement), l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation (calcul des pertes et des m\u00e9triques), et la pr\u00e9diction des r\u00e9sultats \u00e0 partir du mod\u00e8le entra\u00een\u00e9 prennent aussi une ligne de code chacun.<\/p><p>Le mod\u00e8le s\u00e9quentiel de Keras est <strong>simple, mais limit\u00e9 en termes de topologie de mod\u00e8le<\/strong>. L&rsquo;API fonctionnel de Keras est donc utile pour cr\u00e9er des mod\u00e8les complexes, tels que des mod\u00e8les multi-input\/multi-output, des Graphiques Acycliques Dirig\u00e9s (DAGs), et des mod\u00e8les \u00e0 layers partag\u00e9es.<\/p><p>Cette API fonctionnelle utilise <strong>les m\u00eames layers que le mod\u00e8le S\u00e9quentiel<\/strong>, mais offre davantage de flexibilit\u00e9 pour les combiner. On d\u00e9finit d&rsquo;abord les layers, puis on cr\u00e9e le Mod\u00e8le, on le compile et on l&rsquo;entra\u00eene. L&rsquo;\u00e9valuation et la pr\u00e9diction fonctionnent de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que dans le mod\u00e8le S\u00e9quentiel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3bb4800 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3bb4800\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-03ba695\" data-id=\"03ba695\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c79f691 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"c79f691\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/J6Ok8p463C4&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-30dc456 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"30dc456\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a3e16b\" data-id=\"2a3e16b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b14aa96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b14aa96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les Layers de Keras<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9779b2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c9779b2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-923ba04\" data-id=\"923ba04\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f107861 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f107861\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Keras propose <strong>une large vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de types de Layers pr\u00e9d\u00e9finies<\/strong>. Parmi les principales, on peut citer Dense, Activation, Dropout, Lambda.<\/p><p>Les<strong> diff\u00e9rentes Layers de convolution quant \u00e0 elles vont de 1D \u00e0 3D<\/strong> et incluent les variantes les plus communes pour chaque dimensionnalit\u00e9. La convolution 2D, inspir\u00e9e par le fonctionnement du cortex visuel, est couramment utilis\u00e9e pour la reconnaissance d&rsquo;image.<\/p><p>Les<strong> Layers de Pooling vont \u00e9galement de la 1D \u00e0 la 3D<\/strong> et incluent les variantes communes comme le max pooling et l&rsquo;average pooling. Les Layers connect\u00e9es localement agissent comme des Layers de convolution, mais leurs poids ne sont pas partag\u00e9s.<\/p><p>Parmi les Layers r\u00e9currentes, <strong>on compte la Layer simple, gated, LSTM<\/strong>. Elles sont tr\u00e8s utile pour diff\u00e9rentes applications, notamment le traitement de langage. Enfin, les Layers de Noise \u00e9vitent l&rsquo;overfitting.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0449cba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0449cba\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a14111d\" data-id=\"a14111d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cae4d8e elementor-align-center button-principale elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cae4d8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data-engineer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Devenir Data Engineer pour maitriser Keras<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-358e19c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"358e19c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a04a47\" data-id=\"3a04a47\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecfcf88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ecfcf88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les Datasets de Keras<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-21d84d9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"21d84d9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-815e858\" data-id=\"815e858\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-913aded elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"913aded\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Keras rassemble<strong> sept des ensembles de donn\u00e9es d&rsquo;\u00e9chantillons les plus communs<\/strong> du Deep Learning via la classe keras.datasets.<\/p><p>On retrouve notamment cifar10 et cifar100 pour les petites images de couleurs, les critiques de films IMDB, les sujets du fil d&rsquo;actualit\u00e9 de Reuters, les chiffres manuscrits de MNIST, les images de mode MNIST, et les prix immobiliers de Boston.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fe01ab6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fe01ab6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d7d3926\" data-id=\"d7d3926\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89372f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"89372f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les applications et exemples Keras<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f816e13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f816e13\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c63d825\" data-id=\"c63d825\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f3397f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f3397f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Keras inclut aussi <strong>dix mod\u00e8les bien connus<\/strong> : les Applications Keras, pr\u00e9-entra\u00een\u00e9s sur ImageNet. Ces dix mod\u00e8les sont Xception, VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, InceptionV3, InceptionResNetV2, MobileNet, DenseNet, NASNet et MobileNetV2TK.<\/p><p>Ils peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour pr\u00e9dire la classification d&rsquo;images, extraire des caract\u00e9ristiques et configurer les mod\u00e8les sur un ensemble de classes diff\u00e9rents. Au total, le r\u00e9pertoire d&rsquo;exemple Keras contient <strong>plus de 40 mod\u00e8les d&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon<\/strong> tels que des mod\u00e8les de vision, de textes et s\u00e9quences, ou des mod\u00e8les g\u00e9n\u00e9ratifs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-27e2642 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"27e2642\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-798055c\" data-id=\"798055c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e95b39d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e95b39d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le d\u00e9ploiement de Keras<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-edbecc3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"edbecc3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b8cafc\" data-id=\"4b8cafc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bad95f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7bad95f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les mod\u00e8les Keras peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s sur<strong> une large vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de plateformes<\/strong>. C&rsquo;est un avantage par rapport \u00e0 d&rsquo;autres frameworks de Deep Learning.<\/p><p>Parmi <strong>ces plateformes<\/strong>, on compte iOS via CoreML, Android via le runtime TensorFlow Android, les navigateurs web via Keras.js et WebDNN, Google Cloud via TensorFlow-Serving, sur un backend de webapp Python, sur JVM via l&rsquo;import de mod\u00e8le DL4J, et sur Raspberry Pi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a1743a0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a1743a0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8e897b5\" data-id=\"8e897b5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0325f61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0325f61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment apprendre \u00e0 utiliser Keras ?<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75a905f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"75a905f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-887b19d\" data-id=\"887b19d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1905177 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"1905177\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/PZlNVCqsHyc&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-92c2d59 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"92c2d59\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e279135\" data-id=\"e279135\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be22966 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"be22966\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pour commencer \u00e0 utiliser Keras, vous pouvez tout d&rsquo;abord <strong>lire la documentation officielle<\/strong>, explorer le d\u00e9p\u00f4t de code sur GitHub, installer Keras et un moteur backend comme TensorFlow.<\/p><p>En outre, vous pouvez essayer <strong>le tutoriel officiel pour le mod\u00e8le S\u00e9quentiel<\/strong>, et explorer les diff\u00e9rents exemples. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape pour commencer \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir cette API de Deep Learning.<\/p><p>Toutefois, le<strong> meilleur moyen de ma\u00eetriser Keras<\/strong> est d&rsquo;opter pour <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">les formations DataScientest<\/a>. Cette biblioth\u00e8que est au coeur du module Deep Learning de notre parcours Data Scientist, au m\u00eame titre que Tensorflow, les CNN-RNN et les GANs.<\/p><p>\u00c0 travers cette formation, vous apprendrez aussi la programmation en Python, la DataViz, le Machine Learning, les bases de donn\u00e9es et les syst\u00e8mes IA. \u00c0 l&rsquo;issue du programme, vous serez <strong>fin pr\u00eat \u00e0 exercer le m\u00e9tier de Data Scientist<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Nos parcours sont con\u00e7us par des professionnels, afin de r\u00e9pondre aux besoins r\u00e9els de l&rsquo;industrie. Ainsi, 93% de nos alumnis ont trouv\u00e9 un emploi imm\u00e9diatement apr\u00e8s la formation. Les apprenants re\u00e7oivent aussi<strong> un dipl\u00f4me certifi\u00e9 par l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de la Sorbonne<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Toutes nos formations adoptent une approche de Blended Learning associant apprentissage \u00e0 distance et en pr\u00e9sentiel. Elles peuvent \u00eatre effectu\u00e9es en BootCamp ou en Formation Continue. N&rsquo;attendez plus, et <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formation-data-scientist\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00e9couvrez la formation de Data Scientist<\/a> !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9173f4a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9173f4a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-af1a7e3\" data-id=\"af1a7e3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c927a5 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2c927a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/formations-data-engineer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">En savoir plus sur la formation de Data Engineer<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c43e4e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c43e4e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2fc6d52\" data-id=\"2fc6d52\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cf92b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1cf92b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vous savez tout sur Keras. D\u00e9couvrez <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/deep-learning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">notre dossier complet sur le Deep Learning<\/a>, et <a href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/deep-neural-network\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">notre introduction aux r\u00e9seaux de neurones artificiels<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9aa615c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9aa615c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-475f54d\" data-id=\"475f54d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7d3372 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"e7d3372\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"Qu'est-ce que Keras ?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Keras est une API de r\u00e9seau de neurones \u00e9crite en langage Python. Il s'agit d'une biblioth\u00e8que Open Source, ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e par-dessus des frameworks tels que Theano et TensorFlow.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"Les caract\u00e9ristiques de Keras\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Keras est con\u00e7u pour \u00eatre intuitif, modulaire, facile \u00e0 \u00e9tendre, et pour fonctionner avec Python. Selon ses cr\u00e9ateurs, cette API est \\\" con\u00e7ue pour les \u00eatres humains, et non pour les machines \\\" et \\\" suit les meilleures pratiques pour r\u00e9duire la charge cognitive \\\".\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"Pourquoi utiliser Keras ?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"La popularit\u00e9 de Keras est li\u00e9e \u00e0 ses avantages. Cette API est simple d'utilisation, et il est facile d'apprendre \u00e0 l'utiliser.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"Comment apprendre \u00e0 utiliser Keras ?\u200b\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Pour commencer \u00e0 utiliser Keras, vous pouvez tout d'abord lire la documentation officielle, explorer le d\u00e9p\u00f4t de code sur GitHub, installer Keras et un moteur backend comme TensorFlow.\"\n    }\n  }]\n}\n<\/script>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Keras est l&rsquo;une des principales APIs de r\u00e9seaux de neurones Deep Learning. D\u00e9couvrez tout ce que ce qu&rsquo;il y a \u00e0 savoir sur Keras dans cet article. Les r\u00e9seaux de neurones Deep Learning sont de plus en plus utilis\u00e9s. Toutefois, les principaux frameworks sont souvent complexes et emp\u00eachent de nombreux d\u00e9veloppeurs de se lancer dans [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":76423,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[2497],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Keras : tout savoir sur l&#039;API de Deep Learning<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Keras est l&#039;une des principales APIs de r\u00e9seaux de neurones Deep Learning. D\u00e9couvrez tout ce que ce qu&#039;il y a \u00e0 savoir sur Keras dans cet article.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Keras : tout savoir sur l&#039;API de Deep Learning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-06-18T07:50:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-09T14:07:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/illu_Keras-13.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"562\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Raphael Kassel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Raphael Kassel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras\",\"name\":\"Keras : tout savoir sur l'API de Deep Learning\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-06-18T07:50:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-09T14:07:03+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/6eca16f63daaafcbc96e15549b9d4ee1\"},\"description\":\"Keras est l'une des principales APIs de r\u00e9seaux de neurones Deep Learning. D\u00e9couvrez tout ce que ce qu'il y a \u00e0 savoir sur Keras dans cet article.\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/\",\"name\":\"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com\",\"description\":\"Leader de la formation en Data Science\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/6eca16f63daaafcbc96e15549b9d4ee1\",\"name\":\"Raphael Kassel\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/raph.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/raph.jpeg\",\"caption\":\"Raphael Kassel\"},\"description\":\"Raphael Kassel est le Head of Data Programs chez DataScientest. Il supervise une \u00e9quipe Data, impl\u00e9mente de nouveaux parcours comme \\\"Chef de projet IA\\\" et \\\"Data Product Manager\\\", et contribue \u00e0 la modernisation des op\u00e9rations du groupe. En collaboration \u00e9troite avec l'\u00e9quipe de d\u00e9veloppement, il adapte l'accompagnement acad\u00e9mique aux \u00e9volutions de l'\u00e9quipe data et \u00e0 l'internationalisation.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/raphaelkassel\/\",\"Data Science\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/author\/raphaelkassel\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Keras : tout savoir sur l'API de Deep Learning","description":"Keras est l'une des principales APIs de r\u00e9seaux de neurones Deep Learning. D\u00e9couvrez tout ce que ce qu'il y a \u00e0 savoir sur Keras dans cet article.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Keras : tout savoir sur l'API de Deep Learning","og_url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras","og_site_name":"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com","article_published_time":"2021-06-18T07:50:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-11-09T14:07:03+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":562,"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/illu_Keras-13.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Raphael Kassel","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Raphael Kassel","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras","name":"Keras : tout savoir sur l'API de Deep Learning","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-06-18T07:50:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-11-09T14:07:03+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/6eca16f63daaafcbc96e15549b9d4ee1"},"description":"Keras est l'une des principales APIs de r\u00e9seaux de neurones Deep Learning. D\u00e9couvrez tout ce que ce qu'il y a \u00e0 savoir sur Keras dans cet article.","inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/datascientest.com\/keras"]}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/","name":"Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com","description":"Leader de la formation en Data Science","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/6eca16f63daaafcbc96e15549b9d4ee1","name":"Raphael Kassel","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/raph.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/raph.jpeg","caption":"Raphael Kassel"},"description":"Raphael Kassel est le Head of Data Programs chez DataScientest. Il supervise une \u00e9quipe Data, impl\u00e9mente de nouveaux parcours comme \"Chef de projet IA\" et \"Data Product Manager\", et contribue \u00e0 la modernisation des op\u00e9rations du groupe. En collaboration \u00e9troite avec l'\u00e9quipe de d\u00e9veloppement, il adapte l'accompagnement acad\u00e9mique aux \u00e9volutions de l'\u00e9quipe data et \u00e0 l'internationalisation.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/raphaelkassel\/","Data Science"],"url":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/author\/raphaelkassel"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70612"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/77"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70612"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70612\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/76423"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datascientest.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}